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Win32 porting was abolished (inherited to KC) high performance insert: 0.4 sec/1M records (2,500,000 qps) search: 0.33 sec/1M records (3,000,000 qps)-4dW-4d WPn)$ high concurrency multi-thread safe read/write locking by records high scalability hash and B+tree structure = O(1) and O(log N) no actual limit size of a database file (to 8 exabytes) transaction write ahead logging and shadow paging ACID properties various APIs on-memory list/hash/tree file hash/B+tree/array/table script language bindings Perl, Ruby, Java, Lua, Python, PHP, Haskell, Erlang, etc...P0PPfP P7P P6PP<P$0$f $7  $6  $<t[2u8 (TCHDB: Hash Databasestatic hashing O(1) time complexity separate chaining binary search tree balances by the second hash free block pool best fit allocation dynamic defragmentation combines mmap and pwrite/pread saves calling system calls compression deflate(gzip)/bzip2/customZZZ/ZZ,ZZZ ZZ  / ,      , C)TCBDB: B+ Tree DatabaseB+ tree O(log N) time complexity page caching LRU removing speculative search stands on hash DB records pages in hash DB succeeds time and space efficiency custom comparison function prefix/range matching cursor jump/next/prevPP P PP<PPPPP    <     ,*TCFDB: Fixed-length Database-array of fixed-length elements O(1) time complexity natural number keys addresses records by multiple of key most effective bulk load by mmap no key storage per record extremely fast and concurrentTZNZZJZNJ9A/TCTDB: Table Databaseacolumn based the primary key and named columns stands on hash DB flexible structure no data scheme, no data type various structure for each record query mechanism various operators matching column values lexical/decimal orders by column values column indexes implemented with B+ tree typed as string/number inverted index of token/q-gram query optimizer P4PP?PPQPP_P 4?9   _&On-memory Structures@TCXSTR: extensible string concatenation, formatted allocation TCLIST: array list (dequeue) random access by index push/pop, unshift/shift, insert/remove TCMAP: map of hash table insert/remove/search iterator by order of insertion TCTREE: map of ordered tree insert/remove/search iterator by order of comparison function Z$ZZ>ZZ4ZZ?Z$$$>$4  $?PR#DH"+Other MechanismsUabstract database common interface of 6 schema on-memory hash, on-memory tree file hash, file B+tree, file array, file table decides the concrete scheme in runtime remote database network interface of the abstract database yes, it's Tokyo Tyrant! miscellaneous utilities string processing, filesystem operation memory pool, encoding/decodingN'CG$N'$C    $G  ,^ *=+ Example Code , Tokyo Tyrant - database server -!  -FeaturesDnetwork server of Tokyo Cabinet client/server model multi applications can access one database effective binary protocol compatible protocols supports memcached protocol and HTTP available from most popular languages high concurrency/performance resolves "c10k" with epoll/kqueue/eventports 17.2 sec/1M queries (58,000 qps) ZYZZLZZNZ YLN > l. high availability hot backup and update log asynchronous replication between servers various database schema using the abstract database API of Tokyo Cabinet effective operations no-reply updating, multi-record retrieval atomic increment Lua extension defines arbitrary database operations atomic operation by record locking pure script language interfaces Perl, Ruby, Java, Python, PHP, Erlang, etc...ZCZZ1ZZ;ZZIZ Z.Z$C$1$;  $I   $., 2"Asynchronous Replication/Thread Pool Model ;) Lua Extention$ defines DB operations as Lua functions clients send the function name and record data the server returns the return value of the function options about atomicity no locking / record locking / global locking\'ZcZZ-Z' c -0 case: Timestamp DB at mixi.jp20 million records each record size is 20 bytes more than 10,000 updates per sec. keeps 10,000 connections dual master replication each server is only one memcached compatible protocol reuses existing Perl clients" "     2@.case: Cache for Big Storages-works as proxy mediates insert/search write through, read through Lua extension atomic operation by record locking uses LuaSocket to access the storage proper DB scheme TCMDB: for generic cache TCNDB: for biased access TCHDB: for large records such as image TCFDB: for small records such as timestamp Z3ZZHZZZZ 3 H  ,B3 >, Example Code 5$*Tokyo Dystopia - full-text search engine -+ 3#FeaturesFfull-text search engine manages databases of Tokyo Cabinet as an inverted index combines two tokenizers character N-gram (bi-gram) method perfect recall ratio simple word by outer language processor high accuracy and high performance high performance/scalability handles more than 10 million documents searches in milliseconds8"(#@$8$"(  #$@] 6& Eoptimized to professional use layered architecture of APIs no embedded scoring system to combine outer scoring system no text filter, no crawler, no language processor convenient utilities multilingualism with Unicode set operations phrase matching, prefix matching, suffix matching, and token matching command line utilitiesv8 28 2<*Inverted Index4stands on key/value database key = token N-gram or simple word value = occurrence data (posting list) list of pairs of document number and offset in the document uses B+ tree database reduces write operations into the disk device enables common prefix search for tokens delta encoding and deflate compressionP PP'P<PP}P$ '<  $}7%Layered Architecturecharacter N-gram index "q-gram index" (only index), and "indexed database" uses embedded tokenizer word index "word index" (only index), and "tagged index" uses outer tokenizer TL D$L $D4Y E 8'case: friend search at mixi.jp920 million records each record size is 1K bytes name and self introduction more than 100 qps attribute narrowing gender, address, birthday multiple sort orders distributed processing more than 10 servers indexer, searchers, merger ranking by social graph the merger scores the result by following the friend linksZ8Z&Z/ZZ0ZZ;Z8&/0  ;Y?- Example Code B0-Tokyo Promenade - content management system -. C1Featurescontent management system manages Web contents easily with a browser available as BBS, Blog, and Wiki simple and logical interface aims at conciseness like LaTeX optimized for text browsers such as w3m and Lynx complying with XHTML 1.0 and considering WCAG 1.0 high performance/throughput implemented in pure C uses Tokyo Cabinet and supports FastCGI 0.836ms/view (more than 1,000 qps)La$L$$a  >D3 sufficient functionality simple Wiki formatting file uploader and manager user authentication by the login form guest comment authorization by a riddle supports the sidebar navigation full-text/attribute search, calendar view Atom feed flexible customizability thorough separation of logic and presentation template file to generate the output server side scripting by the Lua extension post processing by outer commands TZZZZ,58.E4 Example Code :("  0` 33` Sf3f` 33g` f` www3PP` ZXdbmo` \ғ3y`Ӣ` 3f3ff` 3f3FKf` hk]wwwfܹ` ff>>\`Y{ff` R>&- {p_/̴>?" dd@1?" dd@(f  " @ ` n?" dd@   @@``PR    @ ` ` p>$>  z(    6 ID<  N000 0000n0f_-[ n  0 D<  Z000 0000n0f_-[ ,{ 2 000 ,{ 3 000 ,{ 4 000 ,{ 5 000ZH  03޽h ? 3380___PPT10.  jn0000 4((  4 4 N4tttt C   \* Y--YY 4 N\tttt  wC  ^* Y--YY 4 T'tttt '   \* Y--YY 4 Tl+tttt  w'  ^* Y--YYH 4 0rllZ ? 3380___PPT10. 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" # $ !%*N/O4P9Q >R CS HT MU *df)\g(np'wy 33___PPT10i.D0!V+D=' U= @B +  0 -9(  r  S kID<   r  S 8lD   l  61"`@   6@V̙"`P}  7value  6 q̙"`P 7value  6t̙"`P: 7value  6x̙"`Pf 7value  6|̙"`3}  7value  6̙"`3 7value  6X̙"`3: 7value  60̙"`3f 7value  6̙"`}  7value  6̙"` 7value  6̙"`: 7value  6̙"`f 7value  6h̙"`}   7value  6@̙"`  7value  6̙"`:  7value  6̙"`f  7value  6Ȫ̙"` }   7value  6̙"`   7value  68̙"` :  7value  6|̙"` f  7value  6T̙"` } ~  7value  6̙̽"` ~  7value  6̙"` :~  7value  6@Ų̙"` f~  7value  6Ȳ̙"` } a  7value  6h̲̙"` a  7value  6ϲ̙"` :a  7value  6Ӳ̙"` fa  7value  6$ײ̙"` } D  7value  6ڲ̙"` D  7value  6L޲̙"` :D  7value  6̙"` fD  7value  6t̙"`f } & 7value  6̙"`f & 7value  6̙"`f :& 7value  60̙"`f f& 7value  6̙"`I}   7value  6X̙"`I  7value  6̙"`I:  7value  6̙"`If  7value  <nP . 5arrayH  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.D+I+D=' U= @B +;  0 ::PgTr9(  Tx T c $ID<   ~ T s *̏Dm    @T <D1"`  (6F 0  AT 0  BT 6"`0  = primary key   CT 6"` *N    DT < ET 6"`   6name  FT 6"`   7value N    GT W| HT 6 "`   6name  IT 6"`   7value N    JT  KT 6,"`   6name  LT 6"`   7value 6F 0  MT 0   NT 6D"`0  = primary key   OT 6("` *N    PT < QT 6"`   6name  RT 6"`   7value N    ST W| TT 6\"`   6name  UT 60"`   7value N    VT  WT 6"`   6name  XT 6"`   7value 6F 0  YT K 0 P  ZT 6"`0  = primary key   [T 6"` *N    \T < ]T 6$"`   6name  ^T 6("`   7value N    _T W| `T 6@,"`   6name  aT 60"`   7value N    bT  cT 64"`   6name  dT 68"`   7value 6F 0  eT  0   fT 6h<"`0  = primary key   gT 6@"` *N    hT < iT 6D"`   6name  jT 6TI"`   7value N    kT W| lT 6L"`   6name  mT 6$P"`   7value N    nT  oT 6T"`   6name  pT 6X"`   7value 6F 0  qT  0   rT 6X["`0  = primary key   sT 6a"` *N    tT < uT 6hd"`   6name  vT 6th"`   7value N    wT W| xT 6Ll"`   6name  yT 6$p"`   7value N    zT  {T 6 n"`   6name  |T 6hx"`   7value 6F 0  }T ; 0 @ ~T 6w"`0  = primary key   T 6"` *N    T < T 6"`   6name  T 6"`   7value N    T W| T 6~"`   6name  T 6X"`   7value N    T  T 6 "`   6name  T 6"`   7value f T 0"`mN f T 0"`m  f T 0"`m n f T 0"`mn f T 0"`m .f T 0"`m.f T 0"`mf T 0"`mNf T 0"`mNf T 0"`mf T 0"`mnf T 0"`mnf T 0"`m.f T 0"`m.f T 0"`mf T 0"`mNf T 0"`mNf T 0"`m T <@F{ < column index r" T <1"`{P T <x: < bucket array db T <ZG0*HIeh db T <ZG0*H2I h  db T <ZG0*H˅I?Th ; db T <ZG0*HpIs h ^db T <ZG0*HbIh  db T <ZG0*H Itth ~K H T 0޽h ?o TBTT TfTTT~TTTNTTTrTTTZTT 33___PPT10i.Dڎ +D=' U= @B +}  0 $(  r  S $ID<   r  S D<  H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.D;+D=' U= @B +}  0 $(  r  S ID<   r  S pD<  H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.D%|+D=' U= @B +*  0 A9< (  <r < S ID<    < N\0*0*"`q*  b#include #include #include #include #include int main(int argc, char **argv){ TCHDB *hdb; int ecode; char *key, *value; /* create the object */ hdb = tchdbnew(); /* open the database */ if(!tchdbopen(hdb, "casket.hdb", HDBOWRITER | HDBOCREAT)){ ecode = tchdbecode(hdb); fprintf(stderr, "open error: %s\n", tchdberrmsg(ecode)); } /* store records */ if(!tchdbput2(hdb, "foo", "hop") || !tchdbput2(hdb, "bar", "step") || !tchdbput2(hdb, "baz", "jump")){ ecode = tchdbecode(hdb); fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", tchdberrmsg(ecode)); } /* retrieve records */ value = tchdbget2(hdb, "foo"); if(value){ printf("%s\n", value); free(value); } else { ecode = tchdbecode(hdb); fprintf(stderr, "get error: %s\n", tchdberrmsg(ecode)); } c G G G G G G G G fG G G G fG G G G fG G fG G fwG G G G fG        4! !5J<    < N0*0*"`Cm &i  /* traverse records */ tchdbiterinit(hdb); while((key = tchdbiternext2(hdb)) != NULL){ value = tchdbget2(hdb, key); if(value){ printf("%s:%s\n", key, value); free(value); } free(key); } /* close the database */ if(!tchdbclose(hdb)){ ecode = tchdbecode(hdb); fprintf(stderr, "close error: %s\n", tchdberrmsg(ecode)); } /* delete the object */ tchdbdel(hdb); return 0; } &G G G G fAG G foG G G G fjG G G G fG  G   %% H < 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.F0q}+D=' U= @B +  0  (  x  c $D:f   H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.D+D=' U= @B +}  0 $(  r  S hջID<   r  S @ֻD<  H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.D+D=' U= @B +   0  (  x  c $@JwD<  H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.DP5+D=' U= @B +E#  0 \"T"@57$ (  l 7 61"`Mm r  S XID<   l  61"`M "  6["`Z(  (  <ٻZ(F = master serverb  6"`J@ :database      6`"`* HXz  *    6c"`(J  < update log   d   <ZGzHIz  "   6Pi"` J (   <l   < slave server b  6dn"`  : :database     6r"`(8 *   6standby masterb ) 6"` ;{K  :database    * 6"` +  *  + 6"` Sc  < update log   d , <ZGzHIzK [[ ^b - 6G0*HXI( ;`  . 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(r H S  ID<   r H S D   f" H 0"`(fb H 6"`%   <database   b H 6$"`  <database   b  H 6"`? <database   b  H 6"`2   <database     H <D"V U MySQL/hBase  f"  H 0"` Fb  H 6"` p 9cache  H <  < Tokyo Tyrant " H 6H"`2  Aatomic insert " H 68̙"`CpS  OLua" H 6"` W  Aatomic search " H 6̙"` p)  OLua" H 6T"`  (" H 6"`m  9clients^b H 6G*HlI ' ^b !H@ 6GHZI`% db $H <GN*HLVI) ' db %H@ <G YHI`  dR &H@ <ZGQHXAIQ YdR 'H <GGTH0jIGTY 0  )H B$"`t" w11. inserts to the storage 2. inserts to the cache22 8X *H B."`Im O *1. retrieves from the cache 0if found, return 2. retrieves from the storage 3. inserts to the cache*h    G 8XL ,H@ c $"2L -H@ c $W IH H 0޽h ?H !H$H%HH&HH'H)HH,HH*H-H 33___PPT10i.UH3+D=' U= @B +C  0 Z R @ (  @x @ c $GID<   ` @ Nj0*0*"`q*  6#include #include #include #include int main(int argc, char **argv){ TCRDB *rdb; int ecode; char *value; /* create the object */ rdb = tcrdbnew(); /* connect to the server */ if(!tcrdbopen(rdb, "localhost", 1978)){ ecode = tcrdbecode(rdb); fprintf(stderr, "open error: %s\n", tcrdberrmsg(ecode)); } /* store records */ if(!tcrdbput2(rdb, "foo", "hop") || !tcrdbput2(rdb, "bar", "step") || !tcrdbput2(rdb, "baz", "jump")){ ecode = tcrdbecode(rdb); fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", tcrdberrmsg(ecode)); } /* retrieve records */ value = tcrdbget2(rdb, "foo"); if(value){ printf("%s\n", value); free(value); } else { ecode = tcrdbecode(rdb); fprintf(stderr, "get error: %s\n", tcrdberrmsg(ecode)); } 7 G G G G G G fG G G G f|G G G G fG G fG G fwG G G G fG                                                    .        %                             5    J                        <                                         @ NO0*0*"` m &; > /* close the connection */ if(!tcrdbclose(rdb)){ ecode = tcrdbecode(rdb); fprintf(stderr, "close error: %s\n", tcrdberrmsg(ecode)); } /* delete the object */ tcrdbdel(rdb); return 0; } G G G G fjG G G G fG % H @ 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.F0q}+D=' U= @B +  0  p(  x  c $f   H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.D+D=' U= @B +}  0 ` $(   r   S ID<   r   S pD<  H   0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.fE-n+D=' U= @B +   0   (   x   c $wD<  H   0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.DP5+D=' U= @B +   0 2 * 8 (  8r 8 S ID<   r 8 S D<V    8 <H1"`g ~ ( 8 < G  QID:21 text: "abracadabra"C 8 < *J p a ab ac br A, 8 < m  nca da ra A,  8 <H :  !- 21:10 - 21:0,21:7 - 21:3 - 21:5r"ACA CACACr 8 <>"` g Z r 8 <>"` x k r 8 <>"` { r 8 <>"`  r 8 <>"`  r 8 <>"`  r 8 <3f>"` r 8 <3f>"` r 8 <3f>"`  r 8 <3f>"`  r 8 <3f>"`    8 < ~   - 21:1, 21:8 - 21:4 - 21:2, 21:9X!A CACA CH 8 0޽h ? 3380___PPT10.E    0 S(  r  S D<  l  61"`6 =r  S P)ID<   "  68"`C c = Tokyo Cabinet"  6"`  $ < q-gram index  "  6"`  : word index  "  6λ"`s  $  @indexed database"  6("`s   ?tagged databaser"   <>"` Tr"   <>"` $   <0 s  FCharacter N-gram Index   <  +s  = Tagging Index"   <λ"`c    < Applications  H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.xE +D=' U= @B +[  0 rj#,$(  $r $ S ID<   x $ c $D    $ <1"`Mm i (b $ 6#̙"`v * b $ 6@ ̙"`v * b  $ 68)̙"`: < profile DB   f"  $ 0"` f b  $ 6-"` # 8  @inverted index b  $ 6t0"` 8  > attribute DB    $ <5   indexerf" $ 0"` f" $ 0"`pG f" $ 0"`C- f" $ 0"` b $ 6L9"`b  @inverted index b $ 6l="`b  > attribute DB    $ <>5 searcherf" $ 0"` b $ 6F"`P#  V TT's cache   b $ 6PJ"`P > social graph    $ <(m T mergerdb $@ <G0*HGI8  db $@ <G0*HI8 ^b $ 6G*HqIz m ^b $ 6G*HqI`D m d $ <GHI  !$ BR"`X S Adump profile data "$ BV"`s 63  Icopy the index and the DB #$ B@Z"` .  Ecopy the social graph" $$ 6^"` >user interfacejR )$ BGHthI dR *$ <GeH-Ie  ,$ Bc"`oF/ 5query '$ Bg"`O  5queryH $ 0޽h ? $ $$ $ $$ $$$ $$$ $$$$$$)$$$*$ 33___PPT10i.{E+D=' U= @B +  0  DB(  Dx D c $tID<    D NH0*0*"`zq*  #include #include #include #include int main(int argc, char **argv){ TCIDB *idb; int ecode, rnum, i; uint64_t *result; char *text; /* create the object */ idb = tcidbnew(); /* open the database */ if(!tcidbopen(idb, "casket", IDBOWRITER | IDBOCREAT)){ ecode = tcidbecode(idb); fprintf(stderr, "open error: %s\n", tcidberrmsg(ecode)); } /* store records */ if(!tcidbput(idb, 1, "George Washington") || !tcidbput(idb, 2, "John Adams") || !tcidbput(idb, 3, "Thomas Jefferson")){ ecode = tcidbecode(idb); fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", tcidberrmsg(ecode)); } r G G G G G G fG G G G fG G G G f'G G f G G f}G                                                         D        !    *                    !    #                                  D N0*0*"`}m &i \R /* search records */ result = tcidbsearch2(idb, "john || thomas", &rnum); if(result){ for(i = 0; i < rnum; i++){ text = tcidbget(idb, result[i]); if(text){ printf("%d\t%s\n", (int)result[i], text); free(text); } } free(result); } else { ecode = tcidbecode(idb); fprintf(stderr, "search error: %s\n", tcidberrmsg(ecode)); } /* close the database */ if(!tcidbclose(idb)){ ecode = tcidbecode(idb); fprintf(stderr, "close error: %s\n", tcidberrmsg(ecode)); } /* delete the object */ tcidbdel(idb); return 0; } &SG G G G fZG G fG G G G fjG G G G fG ;        &% H D 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.F0q}+D=' U= @B +  0  `X(  Xx X c $f   H X 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.D+D=' U= @B +  0 p\0(  \x \ c $ID<   x \ c $D<  H \ 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.fE-n+D=' U= @B +   0  d(  dx d c $wD<  H d 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.DP5+D=' U= @B +   0 7/h(  hx h c $`ID<    h Hh0*0*"`zq*  G#! Introduction to Tokyo Cabinet #c 2009-11-05T18:58:39+09:00 #m 2009-11-05T18:58:39+09:00 #o mikio #t database,programming,tokyocabinet This article describes what is [[Tokyo Cabinet|http://1978th.net/tokyocabinet/]] and how to use it. @ upfile:1257415094-logo-ja.png * Features - modern implementation of DBM -- key/value database -- e.g.) DBM, NDBM, GDBM, TDB, CDB, Berkeley DB - simple library = process embedded - Successor of QDBM -- C99 and POSIX compatible, using Pthread, mmap, etc... -- Win32 porting is work-in-progress - high performance - insert: 0.4 sec/1M records (2,500,000 qps) - search: 0.33 sec/1M records (3,000,000 qps) G ^!Ti+  : h 3 A H h 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.F0q}+D=' U= @B +| 0 0#(  0 0 <f Jy 3innovating more and yet more... http://1978th.net/ 04 ' 'H 0 0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.E+D=' U= @B + 0 (  f  0A?"`H  0޽h ? 33___PPT10i.DU+D=' U= @B +r @ GL"Y<\PWG^g*/,.T2 0i5@X}:^Tv G% 6 s E1Oh+'0 `h  Tokyo Products hirabayashi hirabayashi66Microsoft Office PowerPoint@Pol@P憣@o Gg    &WMFClx EMF\@F(GDICx!b $$=='3% % V0xx x % % $$AA" FGDICF(GDIC "OFGDICRp2HGSuR҉oSOLHGSuR҉x (:2HGSuR҉ 0 hhO0050(pD0L0,dv%    T(7AA6LlIntroduction to        T'6AA5LlIntroduction to     % ( Rp2HGSuR҉oSOLHGSuR҉x (:2HGSuR҉ 0 dhO0050(pD0L0,dv%    T<KAAJLhTokyo Products       T;JAAILhTokyo Products    % ( F(GDICdbrFGDICRp2HGSuR҉oSOL8s0L\8t0h̷D|?50(|?{ 0iDDt0(8,\dv%    TlgeujAAgjLXMikio % ( Rp2HGSuR҉oSOL8t0h4|؞A|H]| |?{ 0iDD50(D8 ,\dv^ZwP% D !dv%    TxejAAxj LdHirabayashi % ( Rp2HGSuR҉oSOLHGSuR҉h(:2HGSuR҉ 0 xhO0050(p8D0L0,\dv%    TTsluoAAsoLP<K % ( Rp2HGSuR҉oSOL2HGSuR҉ 0 x4|؞A|H]| p8D0L50(0 ,\dv^ZwU% xD !dv%    TvloAAvoLphirarin@gmail.com % ( Rp2HGSuR҉oSOLA|H]| p84|؞A|H]| 0 ,\dv^ZwU50(D D !dv^Zw4W% D !dv%    TTloAAoLP> % (   x3--$xx--'2HGSnpp߯ߑ-. 2 6Introduction to    .. 2 5Introduction to    .System-2HGSnpp߯ߑ-. 2 JTokyo Products   .. 2 ITokyo Products   .-2HGSnpp߯ߑ-. 2 jgMikio.-2HGSnpp߯ߑ-. 2 jx Hirabayashic.-2HGSnpp߯ߑ-.  2 os<.-2HGSnpp߯ߑ-. !2 ovhirarin@gmail.com.-2HGSnpp߯ߑ-.  2 o>.-՜.+,0     ʂɍ킹"' (Ariallr oSVbNHGSnpp߯ߑ lr o Courier New WfUCIntroduction to Tokyo ProductsTokyo Products#Tokyo Cabinet - database library - Features XCh 5TCHDB: Hash DatabaseTCBDB: B+ Tree DatabaseTCFDB: Fixed-length DatabaseTCTDB: Table DatabaseOn-memory StructuresOther Mechanisms Example Code!Tokyo Tyrant - database server - Features XCh 15Asynchronous ReplicationThread Pool ModelLua Extentioncase: Timestamp DB at mixi.jpcase: Cache for Big Storages Example Code+Tokyo Dystopia - full-text search engine - Features XCh 24Inverted IndexLayered Architecturecase: friend search at mixi.jp Example Code.Tokyo Promenade - content management system - Features XCh 31 Example Code XCh 33 XCh 34 gpĂtHgfUC ev[gXCh ^Cg"#_ hirabayashihirabayashi  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqstuvwxyz{|}~      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}Root EntrydO)PicturesCurrent UserSummaryInformation(~ PowerPoint Document(rDocumentSummaryInformation8