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1// SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause)2 3/*4 * BTF-to-C type converter.5 *6 * Copyright (c) 2019 Facebook7 */8 9#include <stdbool.h>10#include <stddef.h>11#include <stdlib.h>12#include <string.h>13#include <ctype.h>14#include <endian.h>15#include <errno.h>16#include <limits.h>17#include <linux/err.h>18#include <linux/btf.h>19#include <linux/kernel.h>20#include "btf.h"21#include "hashmap.h"22#include "libbpf.h"23#include "libbpf_internal.h"24 25static const char PREFIXES[] = "\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t";26static const size_t PREFIX_CNT = sizeof(PREFIXES) - 1;27 28static const char *pfx(int lvl)29{30	return lvl >= PREFIX_CNT ? PREFIXES : &PREFIXES[PREFIX_CNT - lvl];31}32 33enum btf_dump_type_order_state {34	NOT_ORDERED,35	ORDERING,36	ORDERED,37};38 39enum btf_dump_type_emit_state {40	NOT_EMITTED,41	EMITTING,42	EMITTED,43};44 45/* per-type auxiliary state */46struct btf_dump_type_aux_state {47	/* topological sorting state */48	enum btf_dump_type_order_state order_state: 2;49	/* emitting state used to determine the need for forward declaration */50	enum btf_dump_type_emit_state emit_state: 2;51	/* whether forward declaration was already emitted */52	__u8 fwd_emitted: 1;53	/* whether unique non-duplicate name was already assigned */54	__u8 name_resolved: 1;55	/* whether type is referenced from any other type */56	__u8 referenced: 1;57};58 59/* indent string length; one indent string is added for each indent level */60#define BTF_DATA_INDENT_STR_LEN			3261 62/*63 * Common internal data for BTF type data dump operations.64 */65struct btf_dump_data {66	const void *data_end;		/* end of valid data to show */67	bool compact;68	bool skip_names;69	bool emit_zeroes;70	__u8 indent_lvl;	/* base indent level */71	char indent_str[BTF_DATA_INDENT_STR_LEN];72	/* below are used during iteration */73	int depth;74	bool is_array_member;75	bool is_array_terminated;76	bool is_array_char;77};78 79struct btf_dump {80	const struct btf *btf;81	btf_dump_printf_fn_t printf_fn;82	void *cb_ctx;83	int ptr_sz;84	bool strip_mods;85	bool skip_anon_defs;86	int last_id;87 88	/* per-type auxiliary state */89	struct btf_dump_type_aux_state *type_states;90	size_t type_states_cap;91	/* per-type optional cached unique name, must be freed, if present */92	const char **cached_names;93	size_t cached_names_cap;94 95	/* topo-sorted list of dependent type definitions */96	__u32 *emit_queue;97	int emit_queue_cap;98	int emit_queue_cnt;99 100	/*101	 * stack of type declarations (e.g., chain of modifiers, arrays,102	 * funcs, etc)103	 */104	__u32 *decl_stack;105	int decl_stack_cap;106	int decl_stack_cnt;107 108	/* maps struct/union/enum name to a number of name occurrences */109	struct hashmap *type_names;110	/*111	 * maps typedef identifiers and enum value names to a number of such112	 * name occurrences113	 */114	struct hashmap *ident_names;115	/*116	 * data for typed display; allocated if needed.117	 */118	struct btf_dump_data *typed_dump;119};120 121static size_t str_hash_fn(long key, void *ctx)122{123	return str_hash((void *)key);124}125 126static bool str_equal_fn(long a, long b, void *ctx)127{128	return strcmp((void *)a, (void *)b) == 0;129}130 131static const char *btf_name_of(const struct btf_dump *d, __u32 name_off)132{133	return btf__name_by_offset(d->btf, name_off);134}135 136static void btf_dump_printf(const struct btf_dump *d, const char *fmt, ...)137{138	va_list args;139 140	va_start(args, fmt);141	d->printf_fn(d->cb_ctx, fmt, args);142	va_end(args);143}144 145static int btf_dump_mark_referenced(struct btf_dump *d);146static int btf_dump_resize(struct btf_dump *d);147 148struct btf_dump *btf_dump__new(const struct btf *btf,149			       btf_dump_printf_fn_t printf_fn,150			       void *ctx,151			       const struct btf_dump_opts *opts)152{153	struct btf_dump *d;154	int err;155 156	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, btf_dump_opts))157		return libbpf_err_ptr(-EINVAL);158 159	if (!printf_fn)160		return libbpf_err_ptr(-EINVAL);161 162	d = calloc(1, sizeof(struct btf_dump));163	if (!d)164		return libbpf_err_ptr(-ENOMEM);165 166	d->btf = btf;167	d->printf_fn = printf_fn;168	d->cb_ctx = ctx;169	d->ptr_sz = btf__pointer_size(btf) ? : sizeof(void *);170 171	d->type_names = hashmap__new(str_hash_fn, str_equal_fn, NULL);172	if (IS_ERR(d->type_names)) {173		err = PTR_ERR(d->type_names);174		d->type_names = NULL;175		goto err;176	}177	d->ident_names = hashmap__new(str_hash_fn, str_equal_fn, NULL);178	if (IS_ERR(d->ident_names)) {179		err = PTR_ERR(d->ident_names);180		d->ident_names = NULL;181		goto err;182	}183 184	err = btf_dump_resize(d);185	if (err)186		goto err;187 188	return d;189err:190	btf_dump__free(d);191	return libbpf_err_ptr(err);192}193 194static int btf_dump_resize(struct btf_dump *d)195{196	int err, last_id = btf__type_cnt(d->btf) - 1;197 198	if (last_id <= d->last_id)199		return 0;200 201	if (libbpf_ensure_mem((void **)&d->type_states, &d->type_states_cap,202			      sizeof(*d->type_states), last_id + 1))203		return -ENOMEM;204	if (libbpf_ensure_mem((void **)&d->cached_names, &d->cached_names_cap,205			      sizeof(*d->cached_names), last_id + 1))206		return -ENOMEM;207 208	if (d->last_id == 0) {209		/* VOID is special */210		d->type_states[0].order_state = ORDERED;211		d->type_states[0].emit_state = EMITTED;212	}213 214	/* eagerly determine referenced types for anon enums */215	err = btf_dump_mark_referenced(d);216	if (err)217		return err;218 219	d->last_id = last_id;220	return 0;221}222 223static void btf_dump_free_names(struct hashmap *map)224{225	size_t bkt;226	struct hashmap_entry *cur;227 228	hashmap__for_each_entry(map, cur, bkt)229		free((void *)cur->pkey);230 231	hashmap__free(map);232}233 234void btf_dump__free(struct btf_dump *d)235{236	int i;237 238	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(d))239		return;240 241	free(d->type_states);242	if (d->cached_names) {243		/* any set cached name is owned by us and should be freed */244		for (i = 0; i <= d->last_id; i++) {245			if (d->cached_names[i])246				free((void *)d->cached_names[i]);247		}248	}249	free(d->cached_names);250	free(d->emit_queue);251	free(d->decl_stack);252	btf_dump_free_names(d->type_names);253	btf_dump_free_names(d->ident_names);254 255	free(d);256}257 258static int btf_dump_order_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id, bool through_ptr);259static void btf_dump_emit_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id, __u32 cont_id);260 261/*262 * Dump BTF type in a compilable C syntax, including all the necessary263 * dependent types, necessary for compilation. If some of the dependent types264 * were already emitted as part of previous btf_dump__dump_type() invocation265 * for another type, they won't be emitted again. This API allows callers to266 * filter out BTF types according to user-defined criterias and emitted only267 * minimal subset of types, necessary to compile everything. Full struct/union268 * definitions will still be emitted, even if the only usage is through269 * pointer and could be satisfied with just a forward declaration.270 *271 * Dumping is done in two high-level passes:272 *   1. Topologically sort type definitions to satisfy C rules of compilation.273 *   2. Emit type definitions in C syntax.274 *275 * Returns 0 on success; <0, otherwise.276 */277int btf_dump__dump_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id)278{279	int err, i;280 281	if (id >= btf__type_cnt(d->btf))282		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);283 284	err = btf_dump_resize(d);285	if (err)286		return libbpf_err(err);287 288	d->emit_queue_cnt = 0;289	err = btf_dump_order_type(d, id, false);290	if (err < 0)291		return libbpf_err(err);292 293	for (i = 0; i < d->emit_queue_cnt; i++)294		btf_dump_emit_type(d, d->emit_queue[i], 0 /*top-level*/);295 296	return 0;297}298 299/*300 * Mark all types that are referenced from any other type. This is used to301 * determine top-level anonymous enums that need to be emitted as an302 * independent type declarations.303 * Anonymous enums come in two flavors: either embedded in a struct's field304 * definition, in which case they have to be declared inline as part of field305 * type declaration; or as a top-level anonymous enum, typically used for306 * declaring global constants. It's impossible to distinguish between two307 * without knowing whether given enum type was referenced from other type:308 * top-level anonymous enum won't be referenced by anything, while embedded309 * one will.310 */311static int btf_dump_mark_referenced(struct btf_dump *d)312{313	int i, j, n = btf__type_cnt(d->btf);314	const struct btf_type *t;315	__u16 vlen;316 317	for (i = d->last_id + 1; i < n; i++) {318		t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, i);319		vlen = btf_vlen(t);320 321		switch (btf_kind(t)) {322		case BTF_KIND_INT:323		case BTF_KIND_ENUM:324		case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:325		case BTF_KIND_FWD:326		case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:327			break;328 329		case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:330		case BTF_KIND_CONST:331		case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:332		case BTF_KIND_PTR:333		case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:334		case BTF_KIND_FUNC:335		case BTF_KIND_VAR:336		case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:337		case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:338			d->type_states[t->type].referenced = 1;339			break;340 341		case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: {342			const struct btf_array *a = btf_array(t);343 344			d->type_states[a->index_type].referenced = 1;345			d->type_states[a->type].referenced = 1;346			break;347		}348		case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:349		case BTF_KIND_UNION: {350			const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t);351 352			for (j = 0; j < vlen; j++, m++)353				d->type_states[m->type].referenced = 1;354			break;355		}356		case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: {357			const struct btf_param *p = btf_params(t);358 359			for (j = 0; j < vlen; j++, p++)360				d->type_states[p->type].referenced = 1;361			break;362		}363		case BTF_KIND_DATASEC: {364			const struct btf_var_secinfo *v = btf_var_secinfos(t);365 366			for (j = 0; j < vlen; j++, v++)367				d->type_states[v->type].referenced = 1;368			break;369		}370		default:371			return -EINVAL;372		}373	}374	return 0;375}376 377static int btf_dump_add_emit_queue_id(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id)378{379	__u32 *new_queue;380	size_t new_cap;381 382	if (d->emit_queue_cnt >= d->emit_queue_cap) {383		new_cap = max(16, d->emit_queue_cap * 3 / 2);384		new_queue = libbpf_reallocarray(d->emit_queue, new_cap, sizeof(new_queue[0]));385		if (!new_queue)386			return -ENOMEM;387		d->emit_queue = new_queue;388		d->emit_queue_cap = new_cap;389	}390 391	d->emit_queue[d->emit_queue_cnt++] = id;392	return 0;393}394 395/*396 * Determine order of emitting dependent types and specified type to satisfy397 * C compilation rules.  This is done through topological sorting with an398 * additional complication which comes from C rules. The main idea for C is399 * that if some type is "embedded" into a struct/union, it's size needs to be400 * known at the time of definition of containing type. E.g., for:401 *402 *	struct A {};403 *	struct B { struct A x; }404 *405 * struct A *HAS* to be defined before struct B, because it's "embedded",406 * i.e., it is part of struct B layout. But in the following case:407 *408 *	struct A;409 *	struct B { struct A *x; }410 *	struct A {};411 *412 * it's enough to just have a forward declaration of struct A at the time of413 * struct B definition, as struct B has a pointer to struct A, so the size of414 * field x is known without knowing struct A size: it's sizeof(void *).415 *416 * Unfortunately, there are some trickier cases we need to handle, e.g.:417 *418 *	struct A {}; // if this was forward-declaration: compilation error419 *	struct B {420 *		struct { // anonymous struct421 *			struct A y;422 *		} *x;423 *	};424 *425 * In this case, struct B's field x is a pointer, so it's size is known426 * regardless of the size of (anonymous) struct it points to. But because this427 * struct is anonymous and thus defined inline inside struct B, *and* it428 * embeds struct A, compiler requires full definition of struct A to be known429 * before struct B can be defined. This creates a transitive dependency430 * between struct A and struct B. If struct A was forward-declared before431 * struct B definition and fully defined after struct B definition, that would432 * trigger compilation error.433 *434 * All this means that while we are doing topological sorting on BTF type435 * graph, we need to determine relationships between different types (graph436 * nodes):437 *   - weak link (relationship) between X and Y, if Y *CAN* be438 *   forward-declared at the point of X definition;439 *   - strong link, if Y *HAS* to be fully-defined before X can be defined.440 *441 * The rule is as follows. Given a chain of BTF types from X to Y, if there is442 * BTF_KIND_PTR type in the chain and at least one non-anonymous type443 * Z (excluding X, including Y), then link is weak. Otherwise, it's strong.444 * Weak/strong relationship is determined recursively during DFS traversal and445 * is returned as a result from btf_dump_order_type().446 *447 * btf_dump_order_type() is trying to avoid unnecessary forward declarations,448 * but it is not guaranteeing that no extraneous forward declarations will be449 * emitted.450 *451 * To avoid extra work, algorithm marks some of BTF types as ORDERED, when452 * it's done with them, but not for all (e.g., VOLATILE, CONST, RESTRICT,453 * ARRAY, FUNC_PROTO), as weak/strong semantics for those depends on the454 * entire graph path, so depending where from one came to that BTF type, it455 * might cause weak or strong ordering. For types like STRUCT/UNION/INT/ENUM,456 * once they are processed, there is no need to do it again, so they are457 * marked as ORDERED. We can mark PTR as ORDERED as well, as it semi-forces458 * weak link, unless subsequent referenced STRUCT/UNION/ENUM is anonymous. But459 * in any case, once those are processed, no need to do it again, as the460 * result won't change.461 *462 * Returns:463 *   - 1, if type is part of strong link (so there is strong topological464 *   ordering requirements);465 *   - 0, if type is part of weak link (so can be satisfied through forward466 *   declaration);467 *   - <0, on error (e.g., unsatisfiable type loop detected).468 */469static int btf_dump_order_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id, bool through_ptr)470{471	/*472	 * Order state is used to detect strong link cycles, but only for BTF473	 * kinds that are or could be an independent definition (i.e.,474	 * stand-alone fwd decl, enum, typedef, struct, union). Ptrs, arrays,475	 * func_protos, modifiers are just means to get to these definitions.476	 * Int/void don't need definitions, they are assumed to be always477	 * properly defined.  We also ignore datasec, var, and funcs for now.478	 * So for all non-defining kinds, we never even set ordering state,479	 * for defining kinds we set ORDERING and subsequently ORDERED if it480	 * forms a strong link.481	 */482	struct btf_dump_type_aux_state *tstate = &d->type_states[id];483	const struct btf_type *t;484	__u16 vlen;485	int err, i;486 487	/* return true, letting typedefs know that it's ok to be emitted */488	if (tstate->order_state == ORDERED)489		return 1;490 491	t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);492 493	if (tstate->order_state == ORDERING) {494		/* type loop, but resolvable through fwd declaration */495		if (btf_is_composite(t) && through_ptr && t->name_off != 0)496			return 0;497		pr_warn("unsatisfiable type cycle, id:[%u]\n", id);498		return -ELOOP;499	}500 501	switch (btf_kind(t)) {502	case BTF_KIND_INT:503	case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:504		tstate->order_state = ORDERED;505		return 0;506 507	case BTF_KIND_PTR:508		err = btf_dump_order_type(d, t->type, true);509		tstate->order_state = ORDERED;510		return err;511 512	case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:513		return btf_dump_order_type(d, btf_array(t)->type, false);514 515	case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:516	case BTF_KIND_UNION: {517		const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t);518		/*519		 * struct/union is part of strong link, only if it's embedded520		 * (so no ptr in a path) or it's anonymous (so has to be521		 * defined inline, even if declared through ptr)522		 */523		if (through_ptr && t->name_off != 0)524			return 0;525 526		tstate->order_state = ORDERING;527 528		vlen = btf_vlen(t);529		for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, m++) {530			err = btf_dump_order_type(d, m->type, false);531			if (err < 0)532				return err;533		}534 535		if (t->name_off != 0) {536			err = btf_dump_add_emit_queue_id(d, id);537			if (err < 0)538				return err;539		}540 541		tstate->order_state = ORDERED;542		return 1;543	}544	case BTF_KIND_ENUM:545	case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:546	case BTF_KIND_FWD:547		/*548		 * non-anonymous or non-referenced enums are top-level549		 * declarations and should be emitted. Same logic can be550		 * applied to FWDs, it won't hurt anyways.551		 */552		if (t->name_off != 0 || !tstate->referenced) {553			err = btf_dump_add_emit_queue_id(d, id);554			if (err)555				return err;556		}557		tstate->order_state = ORDERED;558		return 1;559 560	case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF: {561		int is_strong;562 563		is_strong = btf_dump_order_type(d, t->type, through_ptr);564		if (is_strong < 0)565			return is_strong;566 567		/* typedef is similar to struct/union w.r.t. fwd-decls */568		if (through_ptr && !is_strong)569			return 0;570 571		/* typedef is always a named definition */572		err = btf_dump_add_emit_queue_id(d, id);573		if (err)574			return err;575 576		d->type_states[id].order_state = ORDERED;577		return 1;578	}579	case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:580	case BTF_KIND_CONST:581	case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:582	case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:583		return btf_dump_order_type(d, t->type, through_ptr);584 585	case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: {586		const struct btf_param *p = btf_params(t);587		bool is_strong;588 589		err = btf_dump_order_type(d, t->type, through_ptr);590		if (err < 0)591			return err;592		is_strong = err > 0;593 594		vlen = btf_vlen(t);595		for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, p++) {596			err = btf_dump_order_type(d, p->type, through_ptr);597			if (err < 0)598				return err;599			if (err > 0)600				is_strong = true;601		}602		return is_strong;603	}604	case BTF_KIND_FUNC:605	case BTF_KIND_VAR:606	case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:607	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:608		d->type_states[id].order_state = ORDERED;609		return 0;610 611	default:612		return -EINVAL;613	}614}615 616static void btf_dump_emit_missing_aliases(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,617					  const struct btf_type *t);618 619static void btf_dump_emit_struct_fwd(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,620				     const struct btf_type *t);621static void btf_dump_emit_struct_def(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,622				     const struct btf_type *t, int lvl);623 624static void btf_dump_emit_enum_fwd(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,625				   const struct btf_type *t);626static void btf_dump_emit_enum_def(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,627				   const struct btf_type *t, int lvl);628 629static void btf_dump_emit_fwd_def(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,630				  const struct btf_type *t);631 632static void btf_dump_emit_typedef_def(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,633				      const struct btf_type *t, int lvl);634 635/* a local view into a shared stack */636struct id_stack {637	const __u32 *ids;638	int cnt;639};640 641static void btf_dump_emit_type_decl(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,642				    const char *fname, int lvl);643static void btf_dump_emit_type_chain(struct btf_dump *d,644				     struct id_stack *decl_stack,645				     const char *fname, int lvl);646 647static const char *btf_dump_type_name(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id);648static const char *btf_dump_ident_name(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id);649static size_t btf_dump_name_dups(struct btf_dump *d, struct hashmap *name_map,650				 const char *orig_name);651 652static bool btf_dump_is_blacklisted(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id)653{654	const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);655 656	/* __builtin_va_list is a compiler built-in, which causes compilation657	 * errors, when compiling w/ different compiler, then used to compile658	 * original code (e.g., GCC to compile kernel, Clang to use generated659	 * C header from BTF). As it is built-in, it should be already defined660	 * properly internally in compiler.661	 */662	if (t->name_off == 0)663		return false;664	return strcmp(btf_name_of(d, t->name_off), "__builtin_va_list") == 0;665}666 667/*668 * Emit C-syntax definitions of types from chains of BTF types.669 *670 * High-level handling of determining necessary forward declarations are handled671 * by btf_dump_emit_type() itself, but all nitty-gritty details of emitting type672 * declarations/definitions in C syntax  are handled by a combo of673 * btf_dump_emit_type_decl()/btf_dump_emit_type_chain() w/ delegation to674 * corresponding btf_dump_emit_*_{def,fwd}() functions.675 *676 * We also keep track of "containing struct/union type ID" to determine when677 * we reference it from inside and thus can avoid emitting unnecessary forward678 * declaration.679 *680 * This algorithm is designed in such a way, that even if some error occurs681 * (either technical, e.g., out of memory, or logical, i.e., malformed BTF682 * that doesn't comply to C rules completely), algorithm will try to proceed683 * and produce as much meaningful output as possible.684 */685static void btf_dump_emit_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id, __u32 cont_id)686{687	struct btf_dump_type_aux_state *tstate = &d->type_states[id];688	bool top_level_def = cont_id == 0;689	const struct btf_type *t;690	__u16 kind;691 692	if (tstate->emit_state == EMITTED)693		return;694 695	t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);696	kind = btf_kind(t);697 698	if (tstate->emit_state == EMITTING) {699		if (tstate->fwd_emitted)700			return;701 702		switch (kind) {703		case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:704		case BTF_KIND_UNION:705			/*706			 * if we are referencing a struct/union that we are707			 * part of - then no need for fwd declaration708			 */709			if (id == cont_id)710				return;711			if (t->name_off == 0) {712				pr_warn("anonymous struct/union loop, id:[%u]\n",713					id);714				return;715			}716			btf_dump_emit_struct_fwd(d, id, t);717			btf_dump_printf(d, ";\n\n");718			tstate->fwd_emitted = 1;719			break;720		case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:721			/*722			 * for typedef fwd_emitted means typedef definition723			 * was emitted, but it can be used only for "weak"724			 * references through pointer only, not for embedding725			 */726			if (!btf_dump_is_blacklisted(d, id)) {727				btf_dump_emit_typedef_def(d, id, t, 0);728				btf_dump_printf(d, ";\n\n");729			}730			tstate->fwd_emitted = 1;731			break;732		default:733			break;734		}735 736		return;737	}738 739	switch (kind) {740	case BTF_KIND_INT:741		/* Emit type alias definitions if necessary */742		btf_dump_emit_missing_aliases(d, id, t);743 744		tstate->emit_state = EMITTED;745		break;746	case BTF_KIND_ENUM:747	case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:748		if (top_level_def) {749			btf_dump_emit_enum_def(d, id, t, 0);750			btf_dump_printf(d, ";\n\n");751		}752		tstate->emit_state = EMITTED;753		break;754	case BTF_KIND_PTR:755	case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:756	case BTF_KIND_CONST:757	case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:758	case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:759		btf_dump_emit_type(d, t->type, cont_id);760		break;761	case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:762		btf_dump_emit_type(d, btf_array(t)->type, cont_id);763		break;764	case BTF_KIND_FWD:765		btf_dump_emit_fwd_def(d, id, t);766		btf_dump_printf(d, ";\n\n");767		tstate->emit_state = EMITTED;768		break;769	case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:770		tstate->emit_state = EMITTING;771		btf_dump_emit_type(d, t->type, id);772		/*773		 * typedef can server as both definition and forward774		 * declaration; at this stage someone depends on775		 * typedef as a forward declaration (refers to it776		 * through pointer), so unless we already did it,777		 * emit typedef as a forward declaration778		 */779		if (!tstate->fwd_emitted && !btf_dump_is_blacklisted(d, id)) {780			btf_dump_emit_typedef_def(d, id, t, 0);781			btf_dump_printf(d, ";\n\n");782		}783		tstate->emit_state = EMITTED;784		break;785	case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:786	case BTF_KIND_UNION:787		tstate->emit_state = EMITTING;788		/* if it's a top-level struct/union definition or struct/union789		 * is anonymous, then in C we'll be emitting all fields and790		 * their types (as opposed to just `struct X`), so we need to791		 * make sure that all types, referenced from struct/union792		 * members have necessary forward-declarations, where793		 * applicable794		 */795		if (top_level_def || t->name_off == 0) {796			const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t);797			__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);798			int i, new_cont_id;799 800			new_cont_id = t->name_off == 0 ? cont_id : id;801			for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, m++)802				btf_dump_emit_type(d, m->type, new_cont_id);803		} else if (!tstate->fwd_emitted && id != cont_id) {804			btf_dump_emit_struct_fwd(d, id, t);805			btf_dump_printf(d, ";\n\n");806			tstate->fwd_emitted = 1;807		}808 809		if (top_level_def) {810			btf_dump_emit_struct_def(d, id, t, 0);811			btf_dump_printf(d, ";\n\n");812			tstate->emit_state = EMITTED;813		} else {814			tstate->emit_state = NOT_EMITTED;815		}816		break;817	case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: {818		const struct btf_param *p = btf_params(t);819		__u16 n = btf_vlen(t);820		int i;821 822		btf_dump_emit_type(d, t->type, cont_id);823		for (i = 0; i < n; i++, p++)824			btf_dump_emit_type(d, p->type, cont_id);825 826		break;827	}828	default:829		break;830	}831}832 833static bool btf_is_struct_packed(const struct btf *btf, __u32 id,834				 const struct btf_type *t)835{836	const struct btf_member *m;837	int max_align = 1, align, i, bit_sz;838	__u16 vlen;839 840	m = btf_members(t);841	vlen = btf_vlen(t);842	/* all non-bitfield fields have to be naturally aligned */843	for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, m++) {844		align = btf__align_of(btf, m->type);845		bit_sz = btf_member_bitfield_size(t, i);846		if (align && bit_sz == 0 && m->offset % (8 * align) != 0)847			return true;848		max_align = max(align, max_align);849	}850	/* size of a non-packed struct has to be a multiple of its alignment */851	if (t->size % max_align != 0)852		return true;853	/*854	 * if original struct was marked as packed, but its layout is855	 * naturally aligned, we'll detect that it's not packed856	 */857	return false;858}859 860static void btf_dump_emit_bit_padding(const struct btf_dump *d,861				      int cur_off, int next_off, int next_align,862				      bool in_bitfield, int lvl)863{864	const struct {865		const char *name;866		int bits;867	} pads[] = {868		{"long", d->ptr_sz * 8}, {"int", 32}, {"short", 16}, {"char", 8}869	};870	int new_off, pad_bits, bits, i;871	const char *pad_type;872 873	if (cur_off >= next_off)874		return; /* no gap */875 876	/* For filling out padding we want to take advantage of877	 * natural alignment rules to minimize unnecessary explicit878	 * padding. First, we find the largest type (among long, int,879	 * short, or char) that can be used to force naturally aligned880	 * boundary. Once determined, we'll use such type to fill in881	 * the remaining padding gap. In some cases we can rely on882	 * compiler filling some gaps, but sometimes we need to force883	 * alignment to close natural alignment with markers like884	 * `long: 0` (this is always the case for bitfields).  Note885	 * that even if struct itself has, let's say 4-byte alignment886	 * (i.e., it only uses up to int-aligned types), using `long:887	 * X;` explicit padding doesn't actually change struct's888	 * overall alignment requirements, but compiler does take into889	 * account that type's (long, in this example) natural890	 * alignment requirements when adding implicit padding. We use891	 * this fact heavily and don't worry about ruining correct892	 * struct alignment requirement.893	 */894	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pads); i++) {895		pad_bits = pads[i].bits;896		pad_type = pads[i].name;897 898		new_off = roundup(cur_off, pad_bits);899		if (new_off <= next_off)900			break;901	}902 903	if (new_off > cur_off && new_off <= next_off) {904		/* We need explicit `<type>: 0` aligning mark if next905		 * field is right on alignment offset and its906		 * alignment requirement is less strict than <type>'s907		 * alignment (so compiler won't naturally align to the908		 * offset we expect), or if subsequent `<type>: X`,909		 * will actually completely fit in the remaining hole,910		 * making compiler basically ignore `<type>: X`911		 * completely.912		 */913		if (in_bitfield ||914		    (new_off == next_off && roundup(cur_off, next_align * 8) != new_off) ||915		    (new_off != next_off && next_off - new_off <= new_off - cur_off))916			/* but for bitfields we'll emit explicit bit count */917			btf_dump_printf(d, "\n%s%s: %d;", pfx(lvl), pad_type,918					in_bitfield ? new_off - cur_off : 0);919		cur_off = new_off;920	}921 922	/* Now we know we start at naturally aligned offset for a chosen923	 * padding type (long, int, short, or char), and so the rest is just924	 * a straightforward filling of remaining padding gap with full925	 * `<type>: sizeof(<type>);` markers, except for the last one, which926	 * might need smaller than sizeof(<type>) padding.927	 */928	while (cur_off != next_off) {929		bits = min(next_off - cur_off, pad_bits);930		if (bits == pad_bits) {931			btf_dump_printf(d, "\n%s%s: %d;", pfx(lvl), pad_type, pad_bits);932			cur_off += bits;933			continue;934		}935		/* For the remainder padding that doesn't cover entire936		 * pad_type bit length, we pick the smallest necessary type.937		 * This is pure aesthetics, we could have just used `long`,938		 * but having smallest necessary one communicates better the939		 * scale of the padding gap.940		 */941		for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(pads) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {942			pad_type = pads[i].name;943			pad_bits = pads[i].bits;944			if (pad_bits < bits)945				continue;946 947			btf_dump_printf(d, "\n%s%s: %d;", pfx(lvl), pad_type, bits);948			cur_off += bits;949			break;950		}951	}952}953 954static void btf_dump_emit_struct_fwd(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,955				     const struct btf_type *t)956{957	btf_dump_printf(d, "%s%s%s",958			btf_is_struct(t) ? "struct" : "union",959			t->name_off ? " " : "",960			btf_dump_type_name(d, id));961}962 963static void btf_dump_emit_struct_def(struct btf_dump *d,964				     __u32 id,965				     const struct btf_type *t,966				     int lvl)967{968	const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t);969	bool is_struct = btf_is_struct(t);970	bool packed, prev_bitfield = false;971	int align, i, off = 0;972	__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);973 974	align = btf__align_of(d->btf, id);975	packed = is_struct ? btf_is_struct_packed(d->btf, id, t) : 0;976 977	btf_dump_printf(d, "%s%s%s {",978			is_struct ? "struct" : "union",979			t->name_off ? " " : "",980			btf_dump_type_name(d, id));981 982	for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, m++) {983		const char *fname;984		int m_off, m_sz, m_align;985		bool in_bitfield;986 987		fname = btf_name_of(d, m->name_off);988		m_sz = btf_member_bitfield_size(t, i);989		m_off = btf_member_bit_offset(t, i);990		m_align = packed ? 1 : btf__align_of(d->btf, m->type);991 992		in_bitfield = prev_bitfield && m_sz != 0;993 994		btf_dump_emit_bit_padding(d, off, m_off, m_align, in_bitfield, lvl + 1);995		btf_dump_printf(d, "\n%s", pfx(lvl + 1));996		btf_dump_emit_type_decl(d, m->type, fname, lvl + 1);997 998		if (m_sz) {999			btf_dump_printf(d, ": %d", m_sz);1000			off = m_off + m_sz;1001			prev_bitfield = true;1002		} else {1003			m_sz = max((__s64)0, btf__resolve_size(d->btf, m->type));1004			off = m_off + m_sz * 8;1005			prev_bitfield = false;1006		}1007 1008		btf_dump_printf(d, ";");1009	}1010 1011	/* pad at the end, if necessary */1012	if (is_struct)1013		btf_dump_emit_bit_padding(d, off, t->size * 8, align, false, lvl + 1);1014 1015	/*1016	 * Keep `struct empty {}` on a single line,1017	 * only print newline when there are regular or padding fields.1018	 */1019	if (vlen || t->size) {1020		btf_dump_printf(d, "\n");1021		btf_dump_printf(d, "%s}", pfx(lvl));1022	} else {1023		btf_dump_printf(d, "}");1024	}1025	if (packed)1026		btf_dump_printf(d, " __attribute__((packed))");1027}1028 1029static const char *missing_base_types[][2] = {1030	/*1031	 * GCC emits typedefs to its internal __PolyX_t types when compiling Arm1032	 * SIMD intrinsics. Alias them to standard base types.1033	 */1034	{ "__Poly8_t",		"unsigned char" },1035	{ "__Poly16_t",		"unsigned short" },1036	{ "__Poly64_t",		"unsigned long long" },1037	{ "__Poly128_t",	"unsigned __int128" },1038};1039 1040static void btf_dump_emit_missing_aliases(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1041					  const struct btf_type *t)1042{1043	const char *name = btf_dump_type_name(d, id);1044	int i;1045 1046	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(missing_base_types); i++) {1047		if (strcmp(name, missing_base_types[i][0]) == 0) {1048			btf_dump_printf(d, "typedef %s %s;\n\n",1049					missing_base_types[i][1], name);1050			break;1051		}1052	}1053}1054 1055static void btf_dump_emit_enum_fwd(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1056				   const struct btf_type *t)1057{1058	btf_dump_printf(d, "enum %s", btf_dump_type_name(d, id));1059}1060 1061static void btf_dump_emit_enum32_val(struct btf_dump *d,1062				     const struct btf_type *t,1063				     int lvl, __u16 vlen)1064{1065	const struct btf_enum *v = btf_enum(t);1066	bool is_signed = btf_kflag(t);1067	const char *fmt_str;1068	const char *name;1069	size_t dup_cnt;1070	int i;1071 1072	for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, v++) {1073		name = btf_name_of(d, v->name_off);1074		/* enumerators share namespace with typedef idents */1075		dup_cnt = btf_dump_name_dups(d, d->ident_names, name);1076		if (dup_cnt > 1) {1077			fmt_str = is_signed ? "\n%s%s___%zd = %d," : "\n%s%s___%zd = %u,";1078			btf_dump_printf(d, fmt_str, pfx(lvl + 1), name, dup_cnt, v->val);1079		} else {1080			fmt_str = is_signed ? "\n%s%s = %d," : "\n%s%s = %u,";1081			btf_dump_printf(d, fmt_str, pfx(lvl + 1), name, v->val);1082		}1083	}1084}1085 1086static void btf_dump_emit_enum64_val(struct btf_dump *d,1087				     const struct btf_type *t,1088				     int lvl, __u16 vlen)1089{1090	const struct btf_enum64 *v = btf_enum64(t);1091	bool is_signed = btf_kflag(t);1092	const char *fmt_str;1093	const char *name;1094	size_t dup_cnt;1095	__u64 val;1096	int i;1097 1098	for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, v++) {1099		name = btf_name_of(d, v->name_off);1100		dup_cnt = btf_dump_name_dups(d, d->ident_names, name);1101		val = btf_enum64_value(v);1102		if (dup_cnt > 1) {1103			fmt_str = is_signed ? "\n%s%s___%zd = %lldLL,"1104					    : "\n%s%s___%zd = %lluULL,";1105			btf_dump_printf(d, fmt_str,1106					pfx(lvl + 1), name, dup_cnt,1107					(unsigned long long)val);1108		} else {1109			fmt_str = is_signed ? "\n%s%s = %lldLL,"1110					    : "\n%s%s = %lluULL,";1111			btf_dump_printf(d, fmt_str,1112					pfx(lvl + 1), name,1113					(unsigned long long)val);1114		}1115	}1116}1117static void btf_dump_emit_enum_def(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1118				   const struct btf_type *t,1119				   int lvl)1120{1121	__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);1122 1123	btf_dump_printf(d, "enum%s%s",1124			t->name_off ? " " : "",1125			btf_dump_type_name(d, id));1126 1127	if (!vlen)1128		return;1129 1130	btf_dump_printf(d, " {");1131	if (btf_is_enum(t))1132		btf_dump_emit_enum32_val(d, t, lvl, vlen);1133	else1134		btf_dump_emit_enum64_val(d, t, lvl, vlen);1135	btf_dump_printf(d, "\n%s}", pfx(lvl));1136 1137	/* special case enums with special sizes */1138	if (t->size == 1) {1139		/* one-byte enums can be forced with mode(byte) attribute */1140		btf_dump_printf(d, " __attribute__((mode(byte)))");1141	} else if (t->size == 8 && d->ptr_sz == 8) {1142		/* enum can be 8-byte sized if one of the enumerator values1143		 * doesn't fit in 32-bit integer, or by adding mode(word)1144		 * attribute (but probably only on 64-bit architectures); do1145		 * our best here to try to satisfy the contract without adding1146		 * unnecessary attributes1147		 */1148		bool needs_word_mode;1149 1150		if (btf_is_enum(t)) {1151			/* enum can't represent 64-bit values, so we need word mode */1152			needs_word_mode = true;1153		} else {1154			/* enum64 needs mode(word) if none of its values has1155			 * non-zero upper 32-bits (which means that all values1156			 * fit in 32-bit integers and won't cause compiler to1157			 * bump enum to be 64-bit naturally1158			 */1159			int i;1160 1161			needs_word_mode = true;1162			for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++) {1163				if (btf_enum64(t)[i].val_hi32 != 0) {1164					needs_word_mode = false;1165					break;1166				}1167			}1168		}1169		if (needs_word_mode)1170			btf_dump_printf(d, " __attribute__((mode(word)))");1171	}1172 1173}1174 1175static void btf_dump_emit_fwd_def(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1176				  const struct btf_type *t)1177{1178	const char *name = btf_dump_type_name(d, id);1179 1180	if (btf_kflag(t))1181		btf_dump_printf(d, "union %s", name);1182	else1183		btf_dump_printf(d, "struct %s", name);1184}1185 1186static void btf_dump_emit_typedef_def(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1187				     const struct btf_type *t, int lvl)1188{1189	const char *name = btf_dump_ident_name(d, id);1190 1191	/*1192	 * Old GCC versions are emitting invalid typedef for __gnuc_va_list1193	 * pointing to VOID. This generates warnings from btf_dump() and1194	 * results in uncompilable header file, so we are fixing it up here1195	 * with valid typedef into __builtin_va_list.1196	 */1197	if (t->type == 0 && strcmp(name, "__gnuc_va_list") == 0) {1198		btf_dump_printf(d, "typedef __builtin_va_list __gnuc_va_list");1199		return;1200	}1201 1202	btf_dump_printf(d, "typedef ");1203	btf_dump_emit_type_decl(d, t->type, name, lvl);1204}1205 1206static int btf_dump_push_decl_stack_id(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id)1207{1208	__u32 *new_stack;1209	size_t new_cap;1210 1211	if (d->decl_stack_cnt >= d->decl_stack_cap) {1212		new_cap = max(16, d->decl_stack_cap * 3 / 2);1213		new_stack = libbpf_reallocarray(d->decl_stack, new_cap, sizeof(new_stack[0]));1214		if (!new_stack)1215			return -ENOMEM;1216		d->decl_stack = new_stack;1217		d->decl_stack_cap = new_cap;1218	}1219 1220	d->decl_stack[d->decl_stack_cnt++] = id;1221 1222	return 0;1223}1224 1225/*1226 * Emit type declaration (e.g., field type declaration in a struct or argument1227 * declaration in function prototype) in correct C syntax.1228 *1229 * For most types it's trivial, but there are few quirky type declaration1230 * cases worth mentioning:1231 *   - function prototypes (especially nesting of function prototypes);1232 *   - arrays;1233 *   - const/volatile/restrict for pointers vs other types.1234 *1235 * For a good discussion of *PARSING* C syntax (as a human), see1236 * Peter van der Linden's "Expert C Programming: Deep C Secrets",1237 * Ch.3 "Unscrambling Declarations in C".1238 *1239 * It won't help with BTF to C conversion much, though, as it's an opposite1240 * problem. So we came up with this algorithm in reverse to van der Linden's1241 * parsing algorithm. It goes from structured BTF representation of type1242 * declaration to a valid compilable C syntax.1243 *1244 * For instance, consider this C typedef:1245 *	typedef const int * const * arr[10] arr_t;1246 * It will be represented in BTF with this chain of BTF types:1247 *	[typedef] -> [array] -> [ptr] -> [const] -> [ptr] -> [const] -> [int]1248 *1249 * Notice how [const] modifier always goes before type it modifies in BTF type1250 * graph, but in C syntax, const/volatile/restrict modifiers are written to1251 * the right of pointers, but to the left of other types. There are also other1252 * quirks, like function pointers, arrays of them, functions returning other1253 * functions, etc.1254 *1255 * We handle that by pushing all the types to a stack, until we hit "terminal"1256 * type (int/enum/struct/union/fwd). Then depending on the kind of a type on1257 * top of a stack, modifiers are handled differently. Array/function pointers1258 * have also wildly different syntax and how nesting of them are done. See1259 * code for authoritative definition.1260 *1261 * To avoid allocating new stack for each independent chain of BTF types, we1262 * share one bigger stack, with each chain working only on its own local view1263 * of a stack frame. Some care is required to "pop" stack frames after1264 * processing type declaration chain.1265 */1266int btf_dump__emit_type_decl(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1267			     const struct btf_dump_emit_type_decl_opts *opts)1268{1269	const char *fname;1270	int lvl, err;1271 1272	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, btf_dump_emit_type_decl_opts))1273		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);1274 1275	err = btf_dump_resize(d);1276	if (err)1277		return libbpf_err(err);1278 1279	fname = OPTS_GET(opts, field_name, "");1280	lvl = OPTS_GET(opts, indent_level, 0);1281	d->strip_mods = OPTS_GET(opts, strip_mods, false);1282	btf_dump_emit_type_decl(d, id, fname, lvl);1283	d->strip_mods = false;1284	return 0;1285}1286 1287static void btf_dump_emit_type_decl(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1288				    const char *fname, int lvl)1289{1290	struct id_stack decl_stack;1291	const struct btf_type *t;1292	int err, stack_start;1293 1294	stack_start = d->decl_stack_cnt;1295	for (;;) {1296		t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);1297		if (d->strip_mods && btf_is_mod(t))1298			goto skip_mod;1299 1300		err = btf_dump_push_decl_stack_id(d, id);1301		if (err < 0) {1302			/*1303			 * if we don't have enough memory for entire type decl1304			 * chain, restore stack, emit warning, and try to1305			 * proceed nevertheless1306			 */1307			pr_warn("not enough memory for decl stack:%d", err);1308			d->decl_stack_cnt = stack_start;1309			return;1310		}1311skip_mod:1312		/* VOID */1313		if (id == 0)1314			break;1315 1316		switch (btf_kind(t)) {1317		case BTF_KIND_PTR:1318		case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:1319		case BTF_KIND_CONST:1320		case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:1321		case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:1322		case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:1323			id = t->type;1324			break;1325		case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:1326			id = btf_array(t)->type;1327			break;1328		case BTF_KIND_INT:1329		case BTF_KIND_ENUM:1330		case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:1331		case BTF_KIND_FWD:1332		case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:1333		case BTF_KIND_UNION:1334		case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:1335		case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:1336			goto done;1337		default:1338			pr_warn("unexpected type in decl chain, kind:%u, id:[%u]\n",1339				btf_kind(t), id);1340			goto done;1341		}1342	}1343done:1344	/*1345	 * We might be inside a chain of declarations (e.g., array of function1346	 * pointers returning anonymous (so inlined) structs, having another1347	 * array field). Each of those needs its own "stack frame" to handle1348	 * emitting of declarations. Those stack frames are non-overlapping1349	 * portions of shared btf_dump->decl_stack. To make it a bit nicer to1350	 * handle this set of nested stacks, we create a view corresponding to1351	 * our own "stack frame" and work with it as an independent stack.1352	 * We'll need to clean up after emit_type_chain() returns, though.1353	 */1354	decl_stack.ids = d->decl_stack + stack_start;1355	decl_stack.cnt = d->decl_stack_cnt - stack_start;1356	btf_dump_emit_type_chain(d, &decl_stack, fname, lvl);1357	/*1358	 * emit_type_chain() guarantees that it will pop its entire decl_stack1359	 * frame before returning. But it works with a read-only view into1360	 * decl_stack, so it doesn't actually pop anything from the1361	 * perspective of shared btf_dump->decl_stack, per se. We need to1362	 * reset decl_stack state to how it was before us to avoid it growing1363	 * all the time.1364	 */1365	d->decl_stack_cnt = stack_start;1366}1367 1368static void btf_dump_emit_mods(struct btf_dump *d, struct id_stack *decl_stack)1369{1370	const struct btf_type *t;1371	__u32 id;1372 1373	while (decl_stack->cnt) {1374		id = decl_stack->ids[decl_stack->cnt - 1];1375		t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);1376 1377		switch (btf_kind(t)) {1378		case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:1379			btf_dump_printf(d, "volatile ");1380			break;1381		case BTF_KIND_CONST:1382			btf_dump_printf(d, "const ");1383			break;1384		case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:1385			btf_dump_printf(d, "restrict ");1386			break;1387		default:1388			return;1389		}1390		decl_stack->cnt--;1391	}1392}1393 1394static void btf_dump_drop_mods(struct btf_dump *d, struct id_stack *decl_stack)1395{1396	const struct btf_type *t;1397	__u32 id;1398 1399	while (decl_stack->cnt) {1400		id = decl_stack->ids[decl_stack->cnt - 1];1401		t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);1402		if (!btf_is_mod(t))1403			return;1404		decl_stack->cnt--;1405	}1406}1407 1408static void btf_dump_emit_name(const struct btf_dump *d,1409			       const char *name, bool last_was_ptr)1410{1411	bool separate = name[0] && !last_was_ptr;1412 1413	btf_dump_printf(d, "%s%s", separate ? " " : "", name);1414}1415 1416static void btf_dump_emit_type_chain(struct btf_dump *d,1417				     struct id_stack *decls,1418				     const char *fname, int lvl)1419{1420	/*1421	 * last_was_ptr is used to determine if we need to separate pointer1422	 * asterisk (*) from previous part of type signature with space, so1423	 * that we get `int ***`, instead of `int * * *`. We default to true1424	 * for cases where we have single pointer in a chain. E.g., in ptr ->1425	 * func_proto case. func_proto will start a new emit_type_chain call1426	 * with just ptr, which should be emitted as (*) or (*<fname>), so we1427	 * don't want to prepend space for that last pointer.1428	 */1429	bool last_was_ptr = true;1430	const struct btf_type *t;1431	const char *name;1432	__u16 kind;1433	__u32 id;1434 1435	while (decls->cnt) {1436		id = decls->ids[--decls->cnt];1437		if (id == 0) {1438			/* VOID is a special snowflake */1439			btf_dump_emit_mods(d, decls);1440			btf_dump_printf(d, "void");1441			last_was_ptr = false;1442			continue;1443		}1444 1445		t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);1446		kind = btf_kind(t);1447 1448		switch (kind) {1449		case BTF_KIND_INT:1450		case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:1451			btf_dump_emit_mods(d, decls);1452			name = btf_name_of(d, t->name_off);1453			btf_dump_printf(d, "%s", name);1454			break;1455		case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:1456		case BTF_KIND_UNION:1457			btf_dump_emit_mods(d, decls);1458			/* inline anonymous struct/union */1459			if (t->name_off == 0 && !d->skip_anon_defs)1460				btf_dump_emit_struct_def(d, id, t, lvl);1461			else1462				btf_dump_emit_struct_fwd(d, id, t);1463			break;1464		case BTF_KIND_ENUM:1465		case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:1466			btf_dump_emit_mods(d, decls);1467			/* inline anonymous enum */1468			if (t->name_off == 0 && !d->skip_anon_defs)1469				btf_dump_emit_enum_def(d, id, t, lvl);1470			else1471				btf_dump_emit_enum_fwd(d, id, t);1472			break;1473		case BTF_KIND_FWD:1474			btf_dump_emit_mods(d, decls);1475			btf_dump_emit_fwd_def(d, id, t);1476			break;1477		case BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF:1478			btf_dump_emit_mods(d, decls);1479			btf_dump_printf(d, "%s", btf_dump_ident_name(d, id));1480			break;1481		case BTF_KIND_PTR:1482			btf_dump_printf(d, "%s", last_was_ptr ? "*" : " *");1483			break;1484		case BTF_KIND_VOLATILE:1485			btf_dump_printf(d, " volatile");1486			break;1487		case BTF_KIND_CONST:1488			btf_dump_printf(d, " const");1489			break;1490		case BTF_KIND_RESTRICT:1491			btf_dump_printf(d, " restrict");1492			break;1493		case BTF_KIND_TYPE_TAG:1494			btf_dump_emit_mods(d, decls);1495			name = btf_name_of(d, t->name_off);1496			btf_dump_printf(d, " __attribute__((btf_type_tag(\"%s\")))", name);1497			break;1498		case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: {1499			const struct btf_array *a = btf_array(t);1500			const struct btf_type *next_t;1501			__u32 next_id;1502			bool multidim;1503			/*1504			 * GCC has a bug1505			 * (https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8354)1506			 * which causes it to emit extra const/volatile1507			 * modifiers for an array, if array's element type has1508			 * const/volatile modifiers. Clang doesn't do that.1509			 * In general, it doesn't seem very meaningful to have1510			 * a const/volatile modifier for array, so we are1511			 * going to silently skip them here.1512			 */1513			btf_dump_drop_mods(d, decls);1514 1515			if (decls->cnt == 0) {1516				btf_dump_emit_name(d, fname, last_was_ptr);1517				btf_dump_printf(d, "[%u]", a->nelems);1518				return;1519			}1520 1521			next_id = decls->ids[decls->cnt - 1];1522			next_t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, next_id);1523			multidim = btf_is_array(next_t);1524			/* we need space if we have named non-pointer */1525			if (fname[0] && !last_was_ptr)1526				btf_dump_printf(d, " ");1527			/* no parentheses for multi-dimensional array */1528			if (!multidim)1529				btf_dump_printf(d, "(");1530			btf_dump_emit_type_chain(d, decls, fname, lvl);1531			if (!multidim)1532				btf_dump_printf(d, ")");1533			btf_dump_printf(d, "[%u]", a->nelems);1534			return;1535		}1536		case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO: {1537			const struct btf_param *p = btf_params(t);1538			__u16 vlen = btf_vlen(t);1539			int i;1540 1541			/*1542			 * GCC emits extra volatile qualifier for1543			 * __attribute__((noreturn)) function pointers. Clang1544			 * doesn't do it. It's a GCC quirk for backwards1545			 * compatibility with code written for GCC <2.5. So,1546			 * similarly to extra qualifiers for array, just drop1547			 * them, instead of handling them.1548			 */1549			btf_dump_drop_mods(d, decls);1550			if (decls->cnt) {1551				btf_dump_printf(d, " (");1552				btf_dump_emit_type_chain(d, decls, fname, lvl);1553				btf_dump_printf(d, ")");1554			} else {1555				btf_dump_emit_name(d, fname, last_was_ptr);1556			}1557			btf_dump_printf(d, "(");1558			/*1559			 * Clang for BPF target generates func_proto with no1560			 * args as a func_proto with a single void arg (e.g.,1561			 * `int (*f)(void)` vs just `int (*f)()`). We are1562			 * going to emit valid empty args (void) syntax for1563			 * such case. Similarly and conveniently, valid1564			 * no args case can be special-cased here as well.1565			 */1566			if (vlen == 0 || (vlen == 1 && p->type == 0)) {1567				btf_dump_printf(d, "void)");1568				return;1569			}1570 1571			for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, p++) {1572				if (i > 0)1573					btf_dump_printf(d, ", ");1574 1575				/* last arg of type void is vararg */1576				if (i == vlen - 1 && p->type == 0) {1577					btf_dump_printf(d, "...");1578					break;1579				}1580 1581				name = btf_name_of(d, p->name_off);1582				btf_dump_emit_type_decl(d, p->type, name, lvl);1583			}1584 1585			btf_dump_printf(d, ")");1586			return;1587		}1588		default:1589			pr_warn("unexpected type in decl chain, kind:%u, id:[%u]\n",1590				kind, id);1591			return;1592		}1593 1594		last_was_ptr = kind == BTF_KIND_PTR;1595	}1596 1597	btf_dump_emit_name(d, fname, last_was_ptr);1598}1599 1600/* show type name as (type_name) */1601static void btf_dump_emit_type_cast(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1602				    bool top_level)1603{1604	const struct btf_type *t;1605 1606	/* for array members, we don't bother emitting type name for each1607	 * member to avoid the redundancy of1608	 * .name = (char[4])[(char)'f',(char)'o',(char)'o',]1609	 */1610	if (d->typed_dump->is_array_member)1611		return;1612 1613	/* avoid type name specification for variable/section; it will be done1614	 * for the associated variable value(s).1615	 */1616	t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);1617	if (btf_is_var(t) || btf_is_datasec(t))1618		return;1619 1620	if (top_level)1621		btf_dump_printf(d, "(");1622 1623	d->skip_anon_defs = true;1624	d->strip_mods = true;1625	btf_dump_emit_type_decl(d, id, "", 0);1626	d->strip_mods = false;1627	d->skip_anon_defs = false;1628 1629	if (top_level)1630		btf_dump_printf(d, ")");1631}1632 1633/* return number of duplicates (occurrences) of a given name */1634static size_t btf_dump_name_dups(struct btf_dump *d, struct hashmap *name_map,1635				 const char *orig_name)1636{1637	char *old_name, *new_name;1638	size_t dup_cnt = 0;1639	int err;1640 1641	new_name = strdup(orig_name);1642	if (!new_name)1643		return 1;1644 1645	(void)hashmap__find(name_map, orig_name, &dup_cnt);1646	dup_cnt++;1647 1648	err = hashmap__set(name_map, new_name, dup_cnt, &old_name, NULL);1649	if (err)1650		free(new_name);1651 1652	free(old_name);1653 1654	return dup_cnt;1655}1656 1657static const char *btf_dump_resolve_name(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,1658					 struct hashmap *name_map)1659{1660	struct btf_dump_type_aux_state *s = &d->type_states[id];1661	const struct btf_type *t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);1662	const char *orig_name = btf_name_of(d, t->name_off);1663	const char **cached_name = &d->cached_names[id];1664	size_t dup_cnt;1665 1666	if (t->name_off == 0)1667		return "";1668 1669	if (s->name_resolved)1670		return *cached_name ? *cached_name : orig_name;1671 1672	if (btf_is_fwd(t) || (btf_is_enum(t) && btf_vlen(t) == 0)) {1673		s->name_resolved = 1;1674		return orig_name;1675	}1676 1677	dup_cnt = btf_dump_name_dups(d, name_map, orig_name);1678	if (dup_cnt > 1) {1679		const size_t max_len = 256;1680		char new_name[max_len];1681 1682		snprintf(new_name, max_len, "%s___%zu", orig_name, dup_cnt);1683		*cached_name = strdup(new_name);1684	}1685 1686	s->name_resolved = 1;1687	return *cached_name ? *cached_name : orig_name;1688}1689 1690static const char *btf_dump_type_name(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id)1691{1692	return btf_dump_resolve_name(d, id, d->type_names);1693}1694 1695static const char *btf_dump_ident_name(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id)1696{1697	return btf_dump_resolve_name(d, id, d->ident_names);1698}1699 1700static int btf_dump_dump_type_data(struct btf_dump *d,1701				   const char *fname,1702				   const struct btf_type *t,1703				   __u32 id,1704				   const void *data,1705				   __u8 bits_offset,1706				   __u8 bit_sz);1707 1708static const char *btf_dump_data_newline(struct btf_dump *d)1709{1710	return d->typed_dump->compact || d->typed_dump->depth == 0 ? "" : "\n";1711}1712 1713static const char *btf_dump_data_delim(struct btf_dump *d)1714{1715	return d->typed_dump->depth == 0 ? "" : ",";1716}1717 1718static void btf_dump_data_pfx(struct btf_dump *d)1719{1720	int i, lvl = d->typed_dump->indent_lvl + d->typed_dump->depth;1721 1722	if (d->typed_dump->compact)1723		return;1724 1725	for (i = 0; i < lvl; i++)1726		btf_dump_printf(d, "%s", d->typed_dump->indent_str);1727}1728 1729/* A macro is used here as btf_type_value[s]() appends format specifiers1730 * to the format specifier passed in; these do the work of appending1731 * delimiters etc while the caller simply has to specify the type values1732 * in the format specifier + value(s).1733 */1734#define btf_dump_type_values(d, fmt, ...)				\1735	btf_dump_printf(d, fmt "%s%s",					\1736			##__VA_ARGS__,					\1737			btf_dump_data_delim(d),				\1738			btf_dump_data_newline(d))1739 1740static int btf_dump_unsupported_data(struct btf_dump *d,1741				     const struct btf_type *t,1742				     __u32 id)1743{1744	btf_dump_printf(d, "<unsupported kind:%u>", btf_kind(t));1745	return -ENOTSUP;1746}1747 1748static int btf_dump_get_bitfield_value(struct btf_dump *d,1749				       const struct btf_type *t,1750				       const void *data,1751				       __u8 bits_offset,1752				       __u8 bit_sz,1753				       __u64 *value)1754{1755	__u16 left_shift_bits, right_shift_bits;1756	const __u8 *bytes = data;1757	__u8 nr_copy_bits;1758	__u64 num = 0;1759	int i;1760 1761	/* Maximum supported bitfield size is 64 bits */1762	if (t->size > 8) {1763		pr_warn("unexpected bitfield size %d\n", t->size);1764		return -EINVAL;1765	}1766 1767	/* Bitfield value retrieval is done in two steps; first relevant bytes are1768	 * stored in num, then we left/right shift num to eliminate irrelevant bits.1769	 */1770#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__1771	for (i = t->size - 1; i >= 0; i--)1772		num = num * 256 + bytes[i];1773	nr_copy_bits = bit_sz + bits_offset;1774#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__1775	for (i = 0; i < t->size; i++)1776		num = num * 256 + bytes[i];1777	nr_copy_bits = t->size * 8 - bits_offset;1778#else1779# error "Unrecognized __BYTE_ORDER__"1780#endif1781	left_shift_bits = 64 - nr_copy_bits;1782	right_shift_bits = 64 - bit_sz;1783 1784	*value = (num << left_shift_bits) >> right_shift_bits;1785 1786	return 0;1787}1788 1789static int btf_dump_bitfield_check_zero(struct btf_dump *d,1790					const struct btf_type *t,1791					const void *data,1792					__u8 bits_offset,1793					__u8 bit_sz)1794{1795	__u64 check_num;1796	int err;1797 1798	err = btf_dump_get_bitfield_value(d, t, data, bits_offset, bit_sz, &check_num);1799	if (err)1800		return err;1801	if (check_num == 0)1802		return -ENODATA;1803	return 0;1804}1805 1806static int btf_dump_bitfield_data(struct btf_dump *d,1807				  const struct btf_type *t,1808				  const void *data,1809				  __u8 bits_offset,1810				  __u8 bit_sz)1811{1812	__u64 print_num;1813	int err;1814 1815	err = btf_dump_get_bitfield_value(d, t, data, bits_offset, bit_sz, &print_num);1816	if (err)1817		return err;1818 1819	btf_dump_type_values(d, "0x%llx", (unsigned long long)print_num);1820 1821	return 0;1822}1823 1824/* ints, floats and ptrs */1825static int btf_dump_base_type_check_zero(struct btf_dump *d,1826					 const struct btf_type *t,1827					 __u32 id,1828					 const void *data)1829{1830	static __u8 bytecmp[16] = {};1831	int nr_bytes;1832 1833	/* For pointer types, pointer size is not defined on a per-type basis.1834	 * On dump creation however, we store the pointer size.1835	 */1836	if (btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_PTR)1837		nr_bytes = d->ptr_sz;1838	else1839		nr_bytes = t->size;1840 1841	if (nr_bytes < 1 || nr_bytes > 16) {1842		pr_warn("unexpected size %d for id [%u]\n", nr_bytes, id);1843		return -EINVAL;1844	}1845 1846	if (memcmp(data, bytecmp, nr_bytes) == 0)1847		return -ENODATA;1848	return 0;1849}1850 1851static bool ptr_is_aligned(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id,1852			   const void *data)1853{1854	int alignment = btf__align_of(btf, type_id);1855 1856	if (alignment == 0)1857		return false;1858 1859	return ((uintptr_t)data) % alignment == 0;1860}1861 1862static int btf_dump_int_data(struct btf_dump *d,1863			     const struct btf_type *t,1864			     __u32 type_id,1865			     const void *data,1866			     __u8 bits_offset)1867{1868	__u8 encoding = btf_int_encoding(t);1869	bool sign = encoding & BTF_INT_SIGNED;1870	char buf[16] __attribute__((aligned(16)));1871	int sz = t->size;1872 1873	if (sz == 0 || sz > sizeof(buf)) {1874		pr_warn("unexpected size %d for id [%u]\n", sz, type_id);1875		return -EINVAL;1876	}1877 1878	/* handle packed int data - accesses of integers not aligned on1879	 * int boundaries can cause problems on some platforms.1880	 */1881	if (!ptr_is_aligned(d->btf, type_id, data)) {1882		memcpy(buf, data, sz);1883		data = buf;1884	}1885 1886	switch (sz) {1887	case 16: {1888		const __u64 *ints = data;1889		__u64 lsi, msi;1890 1891		/* avoid use of __int128 as some 32-bit platforms do not1892		 * support it.1893		 */1894#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__1895		lsi = ints[0];1896		msi = ints[1];1897#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__1898		lsi = ints[1];1899		msi = ints[0];1900#else1901# error "Unrecognized __BYTE_ORDER__"1902#endif1903		if (msi == 0)1904			btf_dump_type_values(d, "0x%llx", (unsigned long long)lsi);1905		else1906			btf_dump_type_values(d, "0x%llx%016llx", (unsigned long long)msi,1907					     (unsigned long long)lsi);1908		break;1909	}1910	case 8:1911		if (sign)1912			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%lld", *(long long *)data);1913		else1914			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%llu", *(unsigned long long *)data);1915		break;1916	case 4:1917		if (sign)1918			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%d", *(__s32 *)data);1919		else1920			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%u", *(__u32 *)data);1921		break;1922	case 2:1923		if (sign)1924			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%d", *(__s16 *)data);1925		else1926			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%u", *(__u16 *)data);1927		break;1928	case 1:1929		if (d->typed_dump->is_array_char) {1930			/* check for null terminator */1931			if (d->typed_dump->is_array_terminated)1932				break;1933			if (*(char *)data == '\0') {1934				btf_dump_type_values(d, "'\\0'");1935				d->typed_dump->is_array_terminated = true;1936				break;1937			}1938			if (isprint(*(char *)data)) {1939				btf_dump_type_values(d, "'%c'", *(char *)data);1940				break;1941			}1942		}1943		if (sign)1944			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%d", *(__s8 *)data);1945		else1946			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%u", *(__u8 *)data);1947		break;1948	default:1949		pr_warn("unexpected sz %d for id [%u]\n", sz, type_id);1950		return -EINVAL;1951	}1952	return 0;1953}1954 1955union float_data {1956	long double ld;1957	double d;1958	float f;1959};1960 1961static int btf_dump_float_data(struct btf_dump *d,1962			       const struct btf_type *t,1963			       __u32 type_id,1964			       const void *data)1965{1966	const union float_data *flp = data;1967	union float_data fl;1968	int sz = t->size;1969 1970	/* handle unaligned data; copy to local union */1971	if (!ptr_is_aligned(d->btf, type_id, data)) {1972		memcpy(&fl, data, sz);1973		flp = &fl;1974	}1975 1976	switch (sz) {1977	case 16:1978		btf_dump_type_values(d, "%Lf", flp->ld);1979		break;1980	case 8:1981		btf_dump_type_values(d, "%lf", flp->d);1982		break;1983	case 4:1984		btf_dump_type_values(d, "%f", flp->f);1985		break;1986	default:1987		pr_warn("unexpected size %d for id [%u]\n", sz, type_id);1988		return -EINVAL;1989	}1990	return 0;1991}1992 1993static int btf_dump_var_data(struct btf_dump *d,1994			     const struct btf_type *v,1995			     __u32 id,1996			     const void *data)1997{1998	enum btf_func_linkage linkage = btf_var(v)->linkage;1999	const struct btf_type *t;2000	const char *l;2001	__u32 type_id;2002 2003	switch (linkage) {2004	case BTF_FUNC_STATIC:2005		l = "static ";2006		break;2007	case BTF_FUNC_EXTERN:2008		l = "extern ";2009		break;2010	case BTF_FUNC_GLOBAL:2011	default:2012		l = "";2013		break;2014	}2015 2016	/* format of output here is [linkage] [type] [varname] = (type)value,2017	 * for example "static int cpu_profile_flip = (int)1"2018	 */2019	btf_dump_printf(d, "%s", l);2020	type_id = v->type;2021	t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, type_id);2022	btf_dump_emit_type_cast(d, type_id, false);2023	btf_dump_printf(d, " %s = ", btf_name_of(d, v->name_off));2024	return btf_dump_dump_type_data(d, NULL, t, type_id, data, 0, 0);2025}2026 2027static int btf_dump_array_data(struct btf_dump *d,2028			       const struct btf_type *t,2029			       __u32 id,2030			       const void *data)2031{2032	const struct btf_array *array = btf_array(t);2033	const struct btf_type *elem_type;2034	__u32 i, elem_type_id;2035	__s64 elem_size;2036	bool is_array_member;2037	bool is_array_terminated;2038 2039	elem_type_id = array->type;2040	elem_type = skip_mods_and_typedefs(d->btf, elem_type_id, NULL);2041	elem_size = btf__resolve_size(d->btf, elem_type_id);2042	if (elem_size <= 0) {2043		pr_warn("unexpected elem size %zd for array type [%u]\n",2044			(ssize_t)elem_size, id);2045		return -EINVAL;2046	}2047 2048	if (btf_is_int(elem_type)) {2049		/*2050		 * BTF_INT_CHAR encoding never seems to be set for2051		 * char arrays, so if size is 1 and element is2052		 * printable as a char, we'll do that.2053		 */2054		if (elem_size == 1)2055			d->typed_dump->is_array_char = true;2056	}2057 2058	/* note that we increment depth before calling btf_dump_print() below;2059	 * this is intentional.  btf_dump_data_newline() will not print a2060	 * newline for depth 0 (since this leaves us with trailing newlines2061	 * at the end of typed display), so depth is incremented first.2062	 * For similar reasons, we decrement depth before showing the closing2063	 * parenthesis.2064	 */2065	d->typed_dump->depth++;2066	btf_dump_printf(d, "[%s", btf_dump_data_newline(d));2067 2068	/* may be a multidimensional array, so store current "is array member"2069	 * status so we can restore it correctly later.2070	 */2071	is_array_member = d->typed_dump->is_array_member;2072	d->typed_dump->is_array_member = true;2073	is_array_terminated = d->typed_dump->is_array_terminated;2074	d->typed_dump->is_array_terminated = false;2075	for (i = 0; i < array->nelems; i++, data += elem_size) {2076		if (d->typed_dump->is_array_terminated)2077			break;2078		btf_dump_dump_type_data(d, NULL, elem_type, elem_type_id, data, 0, 0);2079	}2080	d->typed_dump->is_array_member = is_array_member;2081	d->typed_dump->is_array_terminated = is_array_terminated;2082	d->typed_dump->depth--;2083	btf_dump_data_pfx(d);2084	btf_dump_type_values(d, "]");2085 2086	return 0;2087}2088 2089static int btf_dump_struct_data(struct btf_dump *d,2090				const struct btf_type *t,2091				__u32 id,2092				const void *data)2093{2094	const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t);2095	__u16 n = btf_vlen(t);2096	int i, err = 0;2097 2098	/* note that we increment depth before calling btf_dump_print() below;2099	 * this is intentional.  btf_dump_data_newline() will not print a2100	 * newline for depth 0 (since this leaves us with trailing newlines2101	 * at the end of typed display), so depth is incremented first.2102	 * For similar reasons, we decrement depth before showing the closing2103	 * parenthesis.2104	 */2105	d->typed_dump->depth++;2106	btf_dump_printf(d, "{%s", btf_dump_data_newline(d));2107 2108	for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) {2109		const struct btf_type *mtype;2110		const char *mname;2111		__u32 moffset;2112		__u8 bit_sz;2113 2114		mtype = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, m->type);2115		mname = btf_name_of(d, m->name_off);2116		moffset = btf_member_bit_offset(t, i);2117 2118		bit_sz = btf_member_bitfield_size(t, i);2119		err = btf_dump_dump_type_data(d, mname, mtype, m->type, data + moffset / 8,2120					      moffset % 8, bit_sz);2121		if (err < 0)2122			return err;2123	}2124	d->typed_dump->depth--;2125	btf_dump_data_pfx(d);2126	btf_dump_type_values(d, "}");2127	return err;2128}2129 2130union ptr_data {2131	unsigned int p;2132	unsigned long long lp;2133};2134 2135static int btf_dump_ptr_data(struct btf_dump *d,2136			      const struct btf_type *t,2137			      __u32 id,2138			      const void *data)2139{2140	if (ptr_is_aligned(d->btf, id, data) && d->ptr_sz == sizeof(void *)) {2141		btf_dump_type_values(d, "%p", *(void **)data);2142	} else {2143		union ptr_data pt;2144 2145		memcpy(&pt, data, d->ptr_sz);2146		if (d->ptr_sz == 4)2147			btf_dump_type_values(d, "0x%x", pt.p);2148		else2149			btf_dump_type_values(d, "0x%llx", pt.lp);2150	}2151	return 0;2152}2153 2154static int btf_dump_get_enum_value(struct btf_dump *d,2155				   const struct btf_type *t,2156				   const void *data,2157				   __u32 id,2158				   __s64 *value)2159{2160	bool is_signed = btf_kflag(t);2161 2162	if (!ptr_is_aligned(d->btf, id, data)) {2163		__u64 val;2164		int err;2165 2166		err = btf_dump_get_bitfield_value(d, t, data, 0, 0, &val);2167		if (err)2168			return err;2169		*value = (__s64)val;2170		return 0;2171	}2172 2173	switch (t->size) {2174	case 8:2175		*value = *(__s64 *)data;2176		return 0;2177	case 4:2178		*value = is_signed ? (__s64)*(__s32 *)data : *(__u32 *)data;2179		return 0;2180	case 2:2181		*value = is_signed ? *(__s16 *)data : *(__u16 *)data;2182		return 0;2183	case 1:2184		*value = is_signed ? *(__s8 *)data : *(__u8 *)data;2185		return 0;2186	default:2187		pr_warn("unexpected size %d for enum, id:[%u]\n", t->size, id);2188		return -EINVAL;2189	}2190}2191 2192static int btf_dump_enum_data(struct btf_dump *d,2193			      const struct btf_type *t,2194			      __u32 id,2195			      const void *data)2196{2197	bool is_signed;2198	__s64 value;2199	int i, err;2200 2201	err = btf_dump_get_enum_value(d, t, data, id, &value);2202	if (err)2203		return err;2204 2205	is_signed = btf_kflag(t);2206	if (btf_is_enum(t)) {2207		const struct btf_enum *e;2208 2209		for (i = 0, e = btf_enum(t); i < btf_vlen(t); i++, e++) {2210			if (value != e->val)2211				continue;2212			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%s", btf_name_of(d, e->name_off));2213			return 0;2214		}2215 2216		btf_dump_type_values(d, is_signed ? "%d" : "%u", value);2217	} else {2218		const struct btf_enum64 *e;2219 2220		for (i = 0, e = btf_enum64(t); i < btf_vlen(t); i++, e++) {2221			if (value != btf_enum64_value(e))2222				continue;2223			btf_dump_type_values(d, "%s", btf_name_of(d, e->name_off));2224			return 0;2225		}2226 2227		btf_dump_type_values(d, is_signed ? "%lldLL" : "%lluULL",2228				     (unsigned long long)value);2229	}2230	return 0;2231}2232 2233static int btf_dump_datasec_data(struct btf_dump *d,2234				 const struct btf_type *t,2235				 __u32 id,2236				 const void *data)2237{2238	const struct btf_var_secinfo *vsi;2239	const struct btf_type *var;2240	__u32 i;2241	int err;2242 2243	btf_dump_type_values(d, "SEC(\"%s\") ", btf_name_of(d, t->name_off));2244 2245	for (i = 0, vsi = btf_var_secinfos(t); i < btf_vlen(t); i++, vsi++) {2246		var = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, vsi->type);2247		err = btf_dump_dump_type_data(d, NULL, var, vsi->type, data + vsi->offset, 0, 0);2248		if (err < 0)2249			return err;2250		btf_dump_printf(d, ";");2251	}2252	return 0;2253}2254 2255/* return size of type, or if base type overflows, return -E2BIG. */2256static int btf_dump_type_data_check_overflow(struct btf_dump *d,2257					     const struct btf_type *t,2258					     __u32 id,2259					     const void *data,2260					     __u8 bits_offset,2261					     __u8 bit_sz)2262{2263	__s64 size;2264 2265	if (bit_sz) {2266		/* bits_offset is at most 7. bit_sz is at most 128. */2267		__u8 nr_bytes = (bits_offset + bit_sz + 7) / 8;2268 2269		/* When bit_sz is non zero, it is called from2270		 * btf_dump_struct_data() where it only cares about2271		 * negative error value.2272		 * Return nr_bytes in success case to make it2273		 * consistent as the regular integer case below.2274		 */2275		return data + nr_bytes > d->typed_dump->data_end ? -E2BIG : nr_bytes;2276	}2277 2278	size = btf__resolve_size(d->btf, id);2279 2280	if (size < 0 || size >= INT_MAX) {2281		pr_warn("unexpected size [%zu] for id [%u]\n",2282			(size_t)size, id);2283		return -EINVAL;2284	}2285 2286	/* Only do overflow checking for base types; we do not want to2287	 * avoid showing part of a struct, union or array, even if we2288	 * do not have enough data to show the full object.  By2289	 * restricting overflow checking to base types we can ensure2290	 * that partial display succeeds, while avoiding overflowing2291	 * and using bogus data for display.2292	 */2293	t = skip_mods_and_typedefs(d->btf, id, NULL);2294	if (!t) {2295		pr_warn("unexpected error skipping mods/typedefs for id [%u]\n",2296			id);2297		return -EINVAL;2298	}2299 2300	switch (btf_kind(t)) {2301	case BTF_KIND_INT:2302	case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:2303	case BTF_KIND_PTR:2304	case BTF_KIND_ENUM:2305	case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:2306		if (data + bits_offset / 8 + size > d->typed_dump->data_end)2307			return -E2BIG;2308		break;2309	default:2310		break;2311	}2312	return (int)size;2313}2314 2315static int btf_dump_type_data_check_zero(struct btf_dump *d,2316					 const struct btf_type *t,2317					 __u32 id,2318					 const void *data,2319					 __u8 bits_offset,2320					 __u8 bit_sz)2321{2322	__s64 value;2323	int i, err;2324 2325	/* toplevel exceptions; we show zero values if2326	 * - we ask for them (emit_zeros)2327	 * - if we are at top-level so we see "struct empty { }"2328	 * - or if we are an array member and the array is non-empty and2329	 *   not a char array; we don't want to be in a situation where we2330	 *   have an integer array 0, 1, 0, 1 and only show non-zero values.2331	 *   If the array contains zeroes only, or is a char array starting2332	 *   with a '\0', the array-level check_zero() will prevent showing it;2333	 *   we are concerned with determining zero value at the array member2334	 *   level here.2335	 */2336	if (d->typed_dump->emit_zeroes || d->typed_dump->depth == 0 ||2337	    (d->typed_dump->is_array_member &&2338	     !d->typed_dump->is_array_char))2339		return 0;2340 2341	t = skip_mods_and_typedefs(d->btf, id, NULL);2342 2343	switch (btf_kind(t)) {2344	case BTF_KIND_INT:2345		if (bit_sz)2346			return btf_dump_bitfield_check_zero(d, t, data, bits_offset, bit_sz);2347		return btf_dump_base_type_check_zero(d, t, id, data);2348	case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:2349	case BTF_KIND_PTR:2350		return btf_dump_base_type_check_zero(d, t, id, data);2351	case BTF_KIND_ARRAY: {2352		const struct btf_array *array = btf_array(t);2353		const struct btf_type *elem_type;2354		__u32 elem_type_id, elem_size;2355		bool ischar;2356 2357		elem_type_id = array->type;2358		elem_size = btf__resolve_size(d->btf, elem_type_id);2359		elem_type = skip_mods_and_typedefs(d->btf, elem_type_id, NULL);2360 2361		ischar = btf_is_int(elem_type) && elem_size == 1;2362 2363		/* check all elements; if _any_ element is nonzero, all2364		 * of array is displayed.  We make an exception however2365		 * for char arrays where the first element is 0; these2366		 * are considered zeroed also, even if later elements are2367		 * non-zero because the string is terminated.2368		 */2369		for (i = 0; i < array->nelems; i++) {2370			if (i == 0 && ischar && *(char *)data == 0)2371				return -ENODATA;2372			err = btf_dump_type_data_check_zero(d, elem_type,2373							    elem_type_id,2374							    data +2375							    (i * elem_size),2376							    bits_offset, 0);2377			if (err != -ENODATA)2378				return err;2379		}2380		return -ENODATA;2381	}2382	case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:2383	case BTF_KIND_UNION: {2384		const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t);2385		__u16 n = btf_vlen(t);2386 2387		/* if any struct/union member is non-zero, the struct/union2388		 * is considered non-zero and dumped.2389		 */2390		for (i = 0; i < n; i++, m++) {2391			const struct btf_type *mtype;2392			__u32 moffset;2393 2394			mtype = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, m->type);2395			moffset = btf_member_bit_offset(t, i);2396 2397			/* btf_int_bits() does not store member bitfield size;2398			 * bitfield size needs to be stored here so int display2399			 * of member can retrieve it.2400			 */2401			bit_sz = btf_member_bitfield_size(t, i);2402			err = btf_dump_type_data_check_zero(d, mtype, m->type, data + moffset / 8,2403							    moffset % 8, bit_sz);2404			if (err != ENODATA)2405				return err;2406		}2407		return -ENODATA;2408	}2409	case BTF_KIND_ENUM:2410	case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:2411		err = btf_dump_get_enum_value(d, t, data, id, &value);2412		if (err)2413			return err;2414		if (value == 0)2415			return -ENODATA;2416		return 0;2417	default:2418		return 0;2419	}2420}2421 2422/* returns size of data dumped, or error. */2423static int btf_dump_dump_type_data(struct btf_dump *d,2424				   const char *fname,2425				   const struct btf_type *t,2426				   __u32 id,2427				   const void *data,2428				   __u8 bits_offset,2429				   __u8 bit_sz)2430{2431	int size, err = 0;2432 2433	size = btf_dump_type_data_check_overflow(d, t, id, data, bits_offset, bit_sz);2434	if (size < 0)2435		return size;2436	err = btf_dump_type_data_check_zero(d, t, id, data, bits_offset, bit_sz);2437	if (err) {2438		/* zeroed data is expected and not an error, so simply skip2439		 * dumping such data.  Record other errors however.2440		 */2441		if (err == -ENODATA)2442			return size;2443		return err;2444	}2445	btf_dump_data_pfx(d);2446 2447	if (!d->typed_dump->skip_names) {2448		if (fname && strlen(fname) > 0)2449			btf_dump_printf(d, ".%s = ", fname);2450		btf_dump_emit_type_cast(d, id, true);2451	}2452 2453	t = skip_mods_and_typedefs(d->btf, id, NULL);2454 2455	switch (btf_kind(t)) {2456	case BTF_KIND_UNKN:2457	case BTF_KIND_FWD:2458	case BTF_KIND_FUNC:2459	case BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO:2460	case BTF_KIND_DECL_TAG:2461		err = btf_dump_unsupported_data(d, t, id);2462		break;2463	case BTF_KIND_INT:2464		if (bit_sz)2465			err = btf_dump_bitfield_data(d, t, data, bits_offset, bit_sz);2466		else2467			err = btf_dump_int_data(d, t, id, data, bits_offset);2468		break;2469	case BTF_KIND_FLOAT:2470		err = btf_dump_float_data(d, t, id, data);2471		break;2472	case BTF_KIND_PTR:2473		err = btf_dump_ptr_data(d, t, id, data);2474		break;2475	case BTF_KIND_ARRAY:2476		err = btf_dump_array_data(d, t, id, data);2477		break;2478	case BTF_KIND_STRUCT:2479	case BTF_KIND_UNION:2480		err = btf_dump_struct_data(d, t, id, data);2481		break;2482	case BTF_KIND_ENUM:2483	case BTF_KIND_ENUM64:2484		/* handle bitfield and int enum values */2485		if (bit_sz) {2486			__u64 print_num;2487			__s64 enum_val;2488 2489			err = btf_dump_get_bitfield_value(d, t, data, bits_offset, bit_sz,2490							  &print_num);2491			if (err)2492				break;2493			enum_val = (__s64)print_num;2494			err = btf_dump_enum_data(d, t, id, &enum_val);2495		} else2496			err = btf_dump_enum_data(d, t, id, data);2497		break;2498	case BTF_KIND_VAR:2499		err = btf_dump_var_data(d, t, id, data);2500		break;2501	case BTF_KIND_DATASEC:2502		err = btf_dump_datasec_data(d, t, id, data);2503		break;2504	default:2505		pr_warn("unexpected kind [%u] for id [%u]\n",2506			BTF_INFO_KIND(t->info), id);2507		return -EINVAL;2508	}2509	if (err < 0)2510		return err;2511	return size;2512}2513 2514int btf_dump__dump_type_data(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,2515			     const void *data, size_t data_sz,2516			     const struct btf_dump_type_data_opts *opts)2517{2518	struct btf_dump_data typed_dump = {};2519	const struct btf_type *t;2520	int ret;2521 2522	if (!OPTS_VALID(opts, btf_dump_type_data_opts))2523		return libbpf_err(-EINVAL);2524 2525	t = btf__type_by_id(d->btf, id);2526	if (!t)2527		return libbpf_err(-ENOENT);2528 2529	d->typed_dump = &typed_dump;2530	d->typed_dump->data_end = data + data_sz;2531	d->typed_dump->indent_lvl = OPTS_GET(opts, indent_level, 0);2532 2533	/* default indent string is a tab */2534	if (!OPTS_GET(opts, indent_str, NULL))2535		d->typed_dump->indent_str[0] = '\t';2536	else2537		libbpf_strlcpy(d->typed_dump->indent_str, opts->indent_str,2538			       sizeof(d->typed_dump->indent_str));2539 2540	d->typed_dump->compact = OPTS_GET(opts, compact, false);2541	d->typed_dump->skip_names = OPTS_GET(opts, skip_names, false);2542	d->typed_dump->emit_zeroes = OPTS_GET(opts, emit_zeroes, false);2543 2544	ret = btf_dump_dump_type_data(d, NULL, t, id, data, 0, 0);2545 2546	d->typed_dump = NULL;2547 2548	return libbpf_err(ret);2549}2550