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1 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE2 Version 2, June 19913 4 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.5 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA6 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies7 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.8 9 Preamble10 11 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your12freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public13License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free14software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This15General Public License applies to most of the Free Software16Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to17using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by18the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to19your programs, too.20 21 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not22price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you23have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for24this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it25if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it26in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.27 28 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid29anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.30These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you31distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.32 33 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether34gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that35you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the36source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their37rights.38 39 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and40(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,41distribute and/or modify the software.42 43 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain44that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free45software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we46want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so47that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original48authors' reputations.49 50 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software51patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free52program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the53program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any54patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.55 56 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and57modification follow.58 59 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE60 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION61 62 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains63a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed64under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,65refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"66means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:67that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,68either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another69language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in70the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".71 72Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not73covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of74running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program75is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the76Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).77Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.78 79 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's80source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you81conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate82copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the83notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;84and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License85along with the Program.86 87You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and88you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.89 90 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion91of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and92distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 193above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:94 95 a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices96 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.97 98 b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in99 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any100 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third101 parties under the terms of this License.102 103 c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively104 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such105 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an106 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a107 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide108 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under109 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this110 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but111 does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on112 the Program is not required to print an announcement.)113 114These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If115identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,116and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in117themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those118sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you119distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based120on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of121this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the122entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.123 124Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest125your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to126exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or127collective works based on the Program.128 129In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program130with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of131a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under132the scope of this License.133 134 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,135under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of136Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:137 138 a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable139 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections140 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,141 142 b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three143 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your144 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete145 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be146 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium147 customarily used for software interchange; or,148 149 c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer150 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is151 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you152 received the program in object code or executable form with such153 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)154 155The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for156making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source157code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any158associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to159control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a160special exception, the source code distributed need not include161anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary162form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the163operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component164itself accompanies the executable.165 166If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering167access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent168access to copy the source code from the same place counts as169distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not170compelled to copy the source along with the object code.171 172 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program173except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt174otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is175void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.176However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under177this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such178parties remain in full compliance.179 180 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not181signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or182distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are183prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by184modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the185Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and186all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying187the Program or works based on it.188 189 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the190Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the191original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to192these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further193restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.194You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to195this License.196 197 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent198infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),199conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or200otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not201excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot202distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this203License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you204may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent205license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by206all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then207the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to208refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.209 210If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under211any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to212apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other213circumstances.214 215It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any216patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any217such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the218integrity of the free software distribution system, which is219implemented by public license practices. Many people have made220generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed221through that system in reliance on consistent application of that222system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing223to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot224impose that choice.225 226This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to227be a consequence of the rest of this License.228 229 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in230certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the231original copyright holder who places the Program under this License232may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding233those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among234countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates235the limitation as if written in the body of this License.236 237 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions238of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will239be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to240address new problems or concerns.241 242Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program243specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any244later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions245either of that version or of any later version published by the Free246Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of247this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software248Foundation.249 250 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free251programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author252to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free253Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes254make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals255of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and256of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.257 258 NO WARRANTY259 260 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY261FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN262OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES263PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED264OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF265MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS266TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE267PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,268REPAIR OR CORRECTION.269 270 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING271WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR272REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,273INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING274OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED275TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY276YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER277PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE278POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.279 280 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS281 282 How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs283 284 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest285possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it286free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.287 288 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest289to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively290convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least291the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.292 293 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>294 Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>295 296 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify297 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by298 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or299 (at your option) any later version.300 301 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,302 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of303 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the304 GNU General Public License for more details.305 306 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License307 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software308 Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA309 310 311Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.312 313If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this314when it starts in an interactive mode:315 316 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author317 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.318 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it319 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.320 321The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate322parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may323be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be324mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.325 326You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your327school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if328necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:329 330 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program331 `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.332 333 <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989334 Ty Coon, President of Vice335 336This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into337proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may338consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the339library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General340Public License instead of this License.341