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1//== GenericTaintChecker.cpp ----------------------------------- -*- C++ -*--=//2//3// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.4// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.5// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception6//7//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//8//9// This checker defines the attack surface for generic taint propagation.10//11// The taint information produced by it might be useful to other checkers. For12// example, checkers should report errors which involve tainted data more13// aggressively, even if the involved symbols are under constrained.14//15//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//16 17#include "Yaml.h"18#include "clang/AST/Attr.h"19#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/BuiltinCheckerRegistration.h"20#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/Taint.h"21#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugType.h"22#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h"23#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h"24#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CallDescription.h"25#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CallEvent.h"26#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h"27#include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/ProgramStateTrait.h"28#include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"29#include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"30#include "llvm/Support/YAMLTraits.h"31 32#include <limits>33#include <memory>34#include <optional>35#include <utility>36#include <vector>37 38#define DEBUG_TYPE "taint-checker"39 40using namespace clang;41using namespace ento;42using namespace taint;43 44using llvm::ImmutableSet;45 46namespace {47 48class GenericTaintChecker;49 50/// Check for CWE-134: Uncontrolled Format String.51constexpr llvm::StringLiteral MsgUncontrolledFormatString =52    "Untrusted data is used as a format string "53    "(CWE-134: Uncontrolled Format String)";54 55/// Check for:56/// CERT/STR02-C. "Sanitize data passed to complex subsystems"57/// CWE-78, "Failure to Sanitize Data into an OS Command"58constexpr llvm::StringLiteral MsgSanitizeSystemArgs =59    "Untrusted data is passed to a system call "60    "(CERT/STR02-C. Sanitize data passed to complex subsystems)";61 62/// Check if tainted data is used as a custom sink's parameter.63constexpr llvm::StringLiteral MsgCustomSink =64    "Untrusted data is passed to a user-defined sink";65 66using ArgIdxTy = int;67using ArgVecTy = llvm::SmallVector<ArgIdxTy, 2>;68 69/// Denotes the return value.70constexpr ArgIdxTy ReturnValueIndex{-1};71 72static ArgIdxTy fromArgumentCount(unsigned Count) {73  assert(Count <=74             static_cast<std::size_t>(std::numeric_limits<ArgIdxTy>::max()) &&75         "ArgIdxTy is not large enough to represent the number of arguments.");76  return Count;77}78 79/// Check if the region the expression evaluates to is the standard input,80/// and thus, is tainted.81/// FIXME: Move this to Taint.cpp.82bool isStdin(SVal Val, const ASTContext &ACtx) {83  // FIXME: What if Val is NonParamVarRegion?84 85  // The region should be symbolic, we do not know it's value.86  const auto *SymReg = dyn_cast_or_null<SymbolicRegion>(Val.getAsRegion());87  if (!SymReg)88    return false;89 90  // Get it's symbol and find the declaration region it's pointing to.91  const auto *DeclReg =92      dyn_cast_or_null<DeclRegion>(SymReg->getSymbol()->getOriginRegion());93  if (!DeclReg)94    return false;95 96  // This region corresponds to a declaration, find out if it's a global/extern97  // variable named stdin with the proper type.98  if (const auto *D = dyn_cast_or_null<VarDecl>(DeclReg->getDecl())) {99    D = D->getCanonicalDecl();100    if (D->getName() == "stdin" && D->hasExternalStorage() && D->isExternC()) {101      const QualType FILETy = ACtx.getFILEType().getCanonicalType();102      const QualType Ty = D->getType().getCanonicalType();103 104      if (Ty->isPointerType())105        return Ty->getPointeeType() == FILETy;106    }107  }108  return false;109}110 111SVal getPointeeOf(ProgramStateRef State, Loc LValue) {112  const QualType ArgTy = LValue.getType(State->getStateManager().getContext());113  if (!ArgTy->isPointerType() || !ArgTy->getPointeeType()->isVoidType())114    return State->getSVal(LValue);115 116  // Do not dereference void pointers. Treat them as byte pointers instead.117  // FIXME: we might want to consider more than just the first byte.118  return State->getSVal(LValue, State->getStateManager().getContext().CharTy);119}120 121/// Given a pointer/reference argument, return the value it refers to.122std::optional<SVal> getPointeeOf(ProgramStateRef State, SVal Arg) {123  if (auto LValue = Arg.getAs<Loc>())124    return getPointeeOf(State, *LValue);125  return std::nullopt;126}127 128/// Given a pointer, return the SVal of its pointee or if it is tainted,129/// otherwise return the pointer's SVal if tainted.130/// Also considers stdin as a taint source.131std::optional<SVal> getTaintedPointeeOrPointer(ProgramStateRef State,132                                               SVal Arg) {133  if (auto Pointee = getPointeeOf(State, Arg))134    if (isTainted(State, *Pointee)) // FIXME: isTainted(...) ? Pointee : None;135      return Pointee;136 137  if (isTainted(State, Arg))138    return Arg;139  return std::nullopt;140}141 142bool isTaintedOrPointsToTainted(ProgramStateRef State, SVal ExprSVal) {143  return getTaintedPointeeOrPointer(State, ExprSVal).has_value();144}145 146/// Helps in printing taint diagnostics.147/// Marks the incoming parameters of a function interesting (to be printed)148/// when the return value, or the outgoing parameters are tainted.149const NoteTag *taintOriginTrackerTag(CheckerContext &C,150                                     std::vector<SymbolRef> TaintedSymbols,151                                     std::vector<ArgIdxTy> TaintedArgs,152                                     const LocationContext *CallLocation) {153  return C.getNoteTag([TaintedSymbols = std::move(TaintedSymbols),154                       TaintedArgs = std::move(TaintedArgs), CallLocation](155                          PathSensitiveBugReport &BR) -> std::string {156    // We give diagnostics only for taint related reports157    if (!BR.isInteresting(CallLocation) ||158        BR.getBugType().getCategory() != categories::TaintedData) {159      return "";160    }161    if (TaintedSymbols.empty())162      return "Taint originated here";163 164    for (auto Sym : TaintedSymbols) {165      BR.markInteresting(Sym);166    }167    LLVM_DEBUG(for (auto Arg168                    : TaintedArgs) {169      llvm::dbgs() << "Taint Propagated from argument " << Arg + 1 << "\n";170    });171    return "";172  });173}174 175/// Helps in printing taint diagnostics.176/// Marks the function interesting (to be printed)177/// when the return value, or the outgoing parameters are tainted.178const NoteTag *taintPropagationExplainerTag(179    CheckerContext &C, std::vector<SymbolRef> TaintedSymbols,180    std::vector<ArgIdxTy> TaintedArgs, const LocationContext *CallLocation) {181  assert(TaintedSymbols.size() == TaintedArgs.size());182  return C.getNoteTag([TaintedSymbols = std::move(TaintedSymbols),183                       TaintedArgs = std::move(TaintedArgs), CallLocation](184                          PathSensitiveBugReport &BR) -> std::string {185    SmallString<256> Msg;186    llvm::raw_svector_ostream Out(Msg);187    // We give diagnostics only for taint related reports188    if (TaintedSymbols.empty() ||189        BR.getBugType().getCategory() != categories::TaintedData) {190      return "";191    }192    int nofTaintedArgs = 0;193    for (auto [Idx, Sym] : llvm::enumerate(TaintedSymbols)) {194      if (BR.isInteresting(Sym)) {195        BR.markInteresting(CallLocation);196        if (TaintedArgs[Idx] != ReturnValueIndex) {197          LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << "Taint Propagated to argument "198                                  << TaintedArgs[Idx] + 1 << "\n");199          if (nofTaintedArgs == 0)200            Out << "Taint propagated to the ";201          else202            Out << ", ";203          Out << TaintedArgs[Idx] + 1204              << llvm::getOrdinalSuffix(TaintedArgs[Idx] + 1) << " argument";205          nofTaintedArgs++;206        } else {207          LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << "Taint Propagated to return value.\n");208          Out << "Taint propagated to the return value";209        }210      }211    }212    return std::string(Out.str());213  });214}215 216/// ArgSet is used to describe arguments relevant for taint detection or217/// taint application. A discrete set of argument indexes and a variadic218/// argument list signified by a starting index are supported.219class ArgSet {220public:221  ArgSet() = default;222  ArgSet(ArgVecTy &&DiscreteArgs,223         std::optional<ArgIdxTy> VariadicIndex = std::nullopt)224      : DiscreteArgs(std::move(DiscreteArgs)),225        VariadicIndex(std::move(VariadicIndex)) {}226 227  bool contains(ArgIdxTy ArgIdx) const {228    if (llvm::is_contained(DiscreteArgs, ArgIdx))229      return true;230 231    return VariadicIndex && ArgIdx >= *VariadicIndex;232  }233 234  bool isEmpty() const { return DiscreteArgs.empty() && !VariadicIndex; }235 236private:237  ArgVecTy DiscreteArgs;238  std::optional<ArgIdxTy> VariadicIndex;239};240 241/// A struct used to specify taint propagation rules for a function.242///243/// If any of the possible taint source arguments is tainted, all of the244/// destination arguments should also be tainted. If ReturnValueIndex is added245/// to the dst list, the return value will be tainted.246class GenericTaintRule {247  /// Arguments which are taints sinks and should be checked, and a report248  /// should be emitted if taint reaches these.249  ArgSet SinkArgs;250  /// Arguments which should be sanitized on function return.251  ArgSet FilterArgs;252  /// Arguments which can participate in taint propagation. If any of the253  /// arguments in PropSrcArgs is tainted, all arguments in  PropDstArgs should254  /// be tainted.255  ArgSet PropSrcArgs;256  ArgSet PropDstArgs;257 258  /// A message that explains why the call is sensitive to taint.259  std::optional<StringRef> SinkMsg;260 261  GenericTaintRule() = default;262 263  GenericTaintRule(ArgSet &&Sink, ArgSet &&Filter, ArgSet &&Src, ArgSet &&Dst,264                   std::optional<StringRef> SinkMsg = std::nullopt)265      : SinkArgs(std::move(Sink)), FilterArgs(std::move(Filter)),266        PropSrcArgs(std::move(Src)), PropDstArgs(std::move(Dst)),267        SinkMsg(SinkMsg) {}268 269public:270  /// Make a rule that reports a warning if taint reaches any of \p FilterArgs271  /// arguments.272  static GenericTaintRule Sink(ArgSet &&SinkArgs,273                               std::optional<StringRef> Msg = std::nullopt) {274    return {std::move(SinkArgs), {}, {}, {}, Msg};275  }276 277  /// Make a rule that sanitizes all FilterArgs arguments.278  static GenericTaintRule Filter(ArgSet &&FilterArgs) {279    return {{}, std::move(FilterArgs), {}, {}};280  }281 282  /// Make a rule that unconditionally taints all Args.283  /// If Func is provided, it must also return true for taint to propagate.284  static GenericTaintRule Source(ArgSet &&SourceArgs) {285    return {{}, {}, {}, std::move(SourceArgs)};286  }287 288  /// Make a rule that taints all PropDstArgs if any of PropSrcArgs is tainted.289  static GenericTaintRule Prop(ArgSet &&SrcArgs, ArgSet &&DstArgs) {290    return {{}, {}, std::move(SrcArgs), std::move(DstArgs)};291  }292 293  /// Process a function which could either be a taint source, a taint sink, a294  /// taint filter or a taint propagator.295  void process(const GenericTaintChecker &Checker, const CallEvent &Call,296               CheckerContext &C) const;297 298  /// Handles the resolution of indexes of type ArgIdxTy to Expr*-s.299  static const Expr *GetArgExpr(ArgIdxTy ArgIdx, const CallEvent &Call) {300    return ArgIdx == ReturnValueIndex ? Call.getOriginExpr()301                                      : Call.getArgExpr(ArgIdx);302  };303 304  /// Functions for custom taintedness propagation.305  static bool UntrustedEnv(CheckerContext &C);306};307 308using RuleLookupTy = CallDescriptionMap<GenericTaintRule>;309 310/// Used to parse the configuration file.311struct TaintConfiguration {312  using NameScopeArgs = std::tuple<std::string, std::string, ArgVecTy>;313  enum class VariadicType { None, Src, Dst };314 315  struct Common {316    std::string Name;317    std::string Scope;318  };319 320  struct Sink : Common {321    ArgVecTy SinkArgs;322  };323 324  struct Filter : Common {325    ArgVecTy FilterArgs;326  };327 328  struct Propagation : Common {329    ArgVecTy SrcArgs;330    ArgVecTy DstArgs;331    VariadicType VarType;332    ArgIdxTy VarIndex;333  };334 335  std::vector<Propagation> Propagations;336  std::vector<Filter> Filters;337  std::vector<Sink> Sinks;338 339  TaintConfiguration() = default;340  TaintConfiguration(const TaintConfiguration &) = default;341  TaintConfiguration(TaintConfiguration &&) = default;342  TaintConfiguration &operator=(const TaintConfiguration &) = default;343  TaintConfiguration &operator=(TaintConfiguration &&) = default;344};345 346struct GenericTaintRuleParser {347  GenericTaintRuleParser(CheckerManager &Mgr) : Mgr(Mgr) {}348  /// Container type used to gather call identification objects grouped into349  /// pairs with their corresponding taint rules. It is temporary as it is used350  /// to finally initialize RuleLookupTy, which is considered to be immutable.351  using RulesContTy = std::vector<std::pair<CallDescription, GenericTaintRule>>;352  RulesContTy parseConfiguration(const std::string &Option,353                                 TaintConfiguration &&Config) const;354 355private:356  using NamePartsTy = llvm::SmallVector<StringRef, 2>;357 358  /// Validate part of the configuration, which contains a list of argument359  /// indexes.360  void validateArgVector(const std::string &Option, const ArgVecTy &Args) const;361 362  template <typename Config> static NamePartsTy parseNameParts(const Config &C);363 364  // Takes the config and creates a CallDescription for it and associates a Rule365  // with that.366  template <typename Config>367  static void consumeRulesFromConfig(const Config &C, GenericTaintRule &&Rule,368                                     RulesContTy &Rules);369 370  void parseConfig(const std::string &Option, TaintConfiguration::Sink &&P,371                   RulesContTy &Rules) const;372  void parseConfig(const std::string &Option, TaintConfiguration::Filter &&P,373                   RulesContTy &Rules) const;374  void parseConfig(const std::string &Option,375                   TaintConfiguration::Propagation &&P,376                   RulesContTy &Rules) const;377 378  CheckerManager &Mgr;379};380 381class GenericTaintChecker : public Checker<check::PreCall, check::PostCall> {382public:383  void checkPreCall(const CallEvent &Call, CheckerContext &C) const;384  void checkPostCall(const CallEvent &Call, CheckerContext &C) const;385 386  void printState(raw_ostream &Out, ProgramStateRef State, const char *NL,387                  const char *Sep) const override;388 389  /// Generate a report if the expression is tainted or points to tainted data.390  bool generateReportIfTainted(const Expr *E, StringRef Msg,391                               CheckerContext &C) const;392 393  bool isTaintReporterCheckerEnabled = false;394  std::optional<BugType> BT;395 396private:397  bool checkUncontrolledFormatString(const CallEvent &Call,398                                     CheckerContext &C) const;399 400  void taintUnsafeSocketProtocol(const CallEvent &Call,401                                 CheckerContext &C) const;402 403  /// The taint rules are initalized with the help of a CheckerContext to404  /// access user-provided configuration.405  void initTaintRules(CheckerContext &C) const;406 407  // TODO: The two separate `CallDescriptionMap`s were introduced when408  // `CallDescription` was unable to restrict matches to the global namespace409  // only. This limitation no longer exists, so the following two maps should410  // be unified.411  mutable std::optional<RuleLookupTy> StaticTaintRules;412  mutable std::optional<RuleLookupTy> DynamicTaintRules;413};414} // end of anonymous namespace415 416/// YAML serialization mapping.417LLVM_YAML_IS_SEQUENCE_VECTOR(TaintConfiguration::Sink)418LLVM_YAML_IS_SEQUENCE_VECTOR(TaintConfiguration::Filter)419LLVM_YAML_IS_SEQUENCE_VECTOR(TaintConfiguration::Propagation)420 421namespace llvm {422namespace yaml {423template <> struct MappingTraits<TaintConfiguration> {424  static void mapping(IO &IO, TaintConfiguration &Config) {425    IO.mapOptional("Propagations", Config.Propagations);426    IO.mapOptional("Filters", Config.Filters);427    IO.mapOptional("Sinks", Config.Sinks);428  }429};430 431template <> struct MappingTraits<TaintConfiguration::Sink> {432  static void mapping(IO &IO, TaintConfiguration::Sink &Sink) {433    IO.mapRequired("Name", Sink.Name);434    IO.mapOptional("Scope", Sink.Scope);435    IO.mapRequired("Args", Sink.SinkArgs);436  }437};438 439template <> struct MappingTraits<TaintConfiguration::Filter> {440  static void mapping(IO &IO, TaintConfiguration::Filter &Filter) {441    IO.mapRequired("Name", Filter.Name);442    IO.mapOptional("Scope", Filter.Scope);443    IO.mapRequired("Args", Filter.FilterArgs);444  }445};446 447template <> struct MappingTraits<TaintConfiguration::Propagation> {448  static void mapping(IO &IO, TaintConfiguration::Propagation &Propagation) {449    IO.mapRequired("Name", Propagation.Name);450    IO.mapOptional("Scope", Propagation.Scope);451    IO.mapOptional("SrcArgs", Propagation.SrcArgs);452    IO.mapOptional("DstArgs", Propagation.DstArgs);453    IO.mapOptional("VariadicType", Propagation.VarType);454    IO.mapOptional("VariadicIndex", Propagation.VarIndex);455  }456};457 458template <> struct ScalarEnumerationTraits<TaintConfiguration::VariadicType> {459  static void enumeration(IO &IO, TaintConfiguration::VariadicType &Value) {460    IO.enumCase(Value, "None", TaintConfiguration::VariadicType::None);461    IO.enumCase(Value, "Src", TaintConfiguration::VariadicType::Src);462    IO.enumCase(Value, "Dst", TaintConfiguration::VariadicType::Dst);463  }464};465} // namespace yaml466} // namespace llvm467 468/// A set which is used to pass information from call pre-visit instruction469/// to the call post-visit. The values are signed integers, which are either470/// ReturnValueIndex, or indexes of the pointer/reference argument, which471/// points to data, which should be tainted on return.472REGISTER_MAP_WITH_PROGRAMSTATE(TaintArgsOnPostVisit, const LocationContext *,473                               ImmutableSet<ArgIdxTy>)474REGISTER_SET_FACTORY_WITH_PROGRAMSTATE(ArgIdxFactory, ArgIdxTy)475 476void GenericTaintRuleParser::validateArgVector(const std::string &Option,477                                               const ArgVecTy &Args) const {478  for (ArgIdxTy Arg : Args) {479    if (Arg < ReturnValueIndex) {480      Mgr.reportInvalidCheckerOptionValue(481          Mgr.getChecker<GenericTaintChecker>(), Option,482          "an argument number for propagation rules greater or equal to -1");483    }484  }485}486 487template <typename Config>488GenericTaintRuleParser::NamePartsTy489GenericTaintRuleParser::parseNameParts(const Config &C) {490  NamePartsTy NameParts;491  if (!C.Scope.empty()) {492    // If the Scope argument contains multiple "::" parts, those are considered493    // namespace identifiers.494    StringRef{C.Scope}.split(NameParts, "::", /*MaxSplit*/ -1,495                             /*KeepEmpty*/ false);496  }497  NameParts.emplace_back(C.Name);498  return NameParts;499}500 501template <typename Config>502void GenericTaintRuleParser::consumeRulesFromConfig(const Config &C,503                                                    GenericTaintRule &&Rule,504                                                    RulesContTy &Rules) {505  NamePartsTy NameParts = parseNameParts(C);506  Rules.emplace_back(CallDescription(CDM::Unspecified, NameParts),507                     std::move(Rule));508}509 510void GenericTaintRuleParser::parseConfig(const std::string &Option,511                                         TaintConfiguration::Sink &&S,512                                         RulesContTy &Rules) const {513  validateArgVector(Option, S.SinkArgs);514  consumeRulesFromConfig(S, GenericTaintRule::Sink(std::move(S.SinkArgs)),515                         Rules);516}517 518void GenericTaintRuleParser::parseConfig(const std::string &Option,519                                         TaintConfiguration::Filter &&S,520                                         RulesContTy &Rules) const {521  validateArgVector(Option, S.FilterArgs);522  consumeRulesFromConfig(S, GenericTaintRule::Filter(std::move(S.FilterArgs)),523                         Rules);524}525 526void GenericTaintRuleParser::parseConfig(const std::string &Option,527                                         TaintConfiguration::Propagation &&P,528                                         RulesContTy &Rules) const {529  validateArgVector(Option, P.SrcArgs);530  validateArgVector(Option, P.DstArgs);531  bool IsSrcVariadic = P.VarType == TaintConfiguration::VariadicType::Src;532  bool IsDstVariadic = P.VarType == TaintConfiguration::VariadicType::Dst;533  std::optional<ArgIdxTy> JustVarIndex = P.VarIndex;534 535  ArgSet SrcDesc(std::move(P.SrcArgs),536                 IsSrcVariadic ? JustVarIndex : std::nullopt);537  ArgSet DstDesc(std::move(P.DstArgs),538                 IsDstVariadic ? JustVarIndex : std::nullopt);539 540  consumeRulesFromConfig(541      P, GenericTaintRule::Prop(std::move(SrcDesc), std::move(DstDesc)), Rules);542}543 544GenericTaintRuleParser::RulesContTy545GenericTaintRuleParser::parseConfiguration(const std::string &Option,546                                           TaintConfiguration &&Config) const {547 548  RulesContTy Rules;549 550  for (auto &F : Config.Filters)551    parseConfig(Option, std::move(F), Rules);552 553  for (auto &S : Config.Sinks)554    parseConfig(Option, std::move(S), Rules);555 556  for (auto &P : Config.Propagations)557    parseConfig(Option, std::move(P), Rules);558 559  return Rules;560}561 562void GenericTaintChecker::initTaintRules(CheckerContext &C) const {563  // Check for exact name match for functions without builtin substitutes.564  // Use qualified name, because these are C functions without namespace.565 566  if (StaticTaintRules || DynamicTaintRules)567    return;568 569  using RulesConstructionTy =570      std::vector<std::pair<CallDescription, GenericTaintRule>>;571  using TR = GenericTaintRule;572 573  RulesConstructionTy GlobalCRules{574      // Sources575      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"fdopen"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},576      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"fopen"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},577      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"freopen"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},578      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getch"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},579      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getchar"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},580      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getchar_unlocked"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},581      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"gets"}}, TR::Source({{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},582      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"gets_s"}}, TR::Source({{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},583      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"scanf"}}, TR::Source({{}, 1})},584      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"scanf_s"}}, TR::Source({{}, 1})},585      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"wgetch"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},586      // Sometimes the line between taint sources and propagators is blurry.587      // _IO_getc is choosen to be a source, but could also be a propagator.588      // This way it is simpler, as modeling it as a propagator would require589      // to model the possible sources of _IO_FILE * values, which the _IO_getc590      // function takes as parameters.591      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"_IO_getc"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},592      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getcwd"}}, TR::Source({{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},593      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getwd"}}, TR::Source({{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},594      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"readlink"}}, TR::Source({{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},595      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"readlinkat"}}, TR::Source({{2, ReturnValueIndex}})},596      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"get_current_dir_name"}},597       TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},598      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"gethostname"}}, TR::Source({{0}})},599      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getnameinfo"}}, TR::Source({{2, 4}})},600      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getseuserbyname"}}, TR::Source({{1, 2}})},601      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getgroups"}}, TR::Source({{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},602      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getlogin"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})},603      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getlogin_r"}}, TR::Source({{0}})},604 605      // Props606      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"accept"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},607      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"atoi"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},608      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"atol"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},609      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"atoll"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},610      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"fgetc"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},611      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"fgetln"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},612      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"fgets"}},613       TR::Prop({{2}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},614      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"fgetws"}},615       TR::Prop({{2}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},616      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"fscanf"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{}, 2})},617      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"fscanf_s"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{}, 2})},618      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"sscanf"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{}, 2})},619      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"sscanf_s"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{}, 2})},620 621      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getc"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},622      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getc_unlocked"}},623       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},624      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getdelim"}}, TR::Prop({{3}}, {{0}})},625      // TODO: this intends to match the C function `getline()`, but the call626      // description also matches the C++ function `std::getline()`; it should627      // be ruled out by some additional logic.628      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getline"}}, TR::Prop({{2}}, {{0}})},629      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getw"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},630      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"pread"}},631       TR::Prop({{0, 1, 2, 3}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},632      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"read"}},633       TR::Prop({{0, 2}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},634      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"fread"}},635       TR::Prop({{3}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},636      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"recv"}},637       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},638      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"recvfrom"}},639       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},640 641      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"ttyname"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},642      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"ttyname_r"}},643       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},644 645      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"basename"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},646      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"dirname"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},647      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"fnmatch"}}, TR::Prop({{1}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},648 649      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"mbtowc"}}, TR::Prop({{1}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},650      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"wctomb"}}, TR::Prop({{1}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},651      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"wcwidth"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},652 653      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"memcmp"}},654       TR::Prop({{0, 1, 2}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},655      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"memcpy"}},656       TR::Prop({{1, 2}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},657      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"memmove"}},658       TR::Prop({{1, 2}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},659      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"bcopy"}}, TR::Prop({{0, 2}}, {{1}})},660 661      // Note: "memmem" and its variants search for a byte sequence ("needle")662      // in a larger area ("haystack"). Currently we only propagate taint from663      // the haystack to the result, but in theory tampering with the needle664      // could also produce incorrect results.665      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"memmem"}}, TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},666      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strstr"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},667      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strcasestr"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},668 669      // Analogously, the following functions search for a byte within a buffer670      // and we only propagate taint from the buffer to the result.671      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"memchr"}},672       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},673      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"memrchr"}},674       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},675      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"rawmemchr"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},676      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strchr"}},677       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},678      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strrchr"}},679       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},680      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strchrnul"}},681       TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},682      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"index"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},683      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"rindex"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},684 685      // FIXME: In case of arrays, only the first element of the array gets686      // tainted.687      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"qsort"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{0}})},688      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"qsort_r"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{0}})},689 690      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strcmp"}}, TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},691      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strcasecmp"}},692       TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},693      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strncmp"}},694       TR::Prop({{0, 1, 2}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},695      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strncasecmp"}},696       TR::Prop({{0, 1, 2}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},697      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strspn"}}, TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},698      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strcspn"}}, TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},699      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strpbrk"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},700 701      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strndup"}}, TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},702      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strndupa"}}, TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},703      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strdup"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},704      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strdupa"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},705      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"wcsdup"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},706 707      // strlen, wcslen, strnlen and alike intentionally don't propagate taint.708      // See the details here: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/66086709 710      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strtol"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},711      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strtoll"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},712      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strtoul"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},713      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"strtoull"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{1, ReturnValueIndex}})},714 715      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"tolower"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},716      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"toupper"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},717 718      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isalnum"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},719      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isalpha"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},720      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isascii"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},721      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isblank"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},722      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"iscntrl"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},723      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isdigit"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},724      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isgraph"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},725      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"islower"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},726      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isprint"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},727      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"ispunct"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},728      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isspace"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},729      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isupper"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},730      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"isxdigit"}}, TR::Prop({{0}}, {{ReturnValueIndex}})},731 732      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strcpy"}},733       TR::Prop({{1}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},734      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"stpcpy"}},735       TR::Prop({{1}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},736      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strcat"}},737       TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},738      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"wcsncat"}},739       TR::Prop({{0, 1}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},740      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strncpy"}},741       TR::Prop({{1, 2}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},742      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strncat"}},743       TR::Prop({{0, 1, 2}}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},744      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strlcpy"}}, TR::Prop({{1, 2}}, {{0}})},745      {{CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened, {"strlcat"}}, TR::Prop({{0, 1, 2}}, {{0}})},746 747      // Usually the matching mode `CDM::CLibraryMaybeHardened` is sufficient748      // for unified handling of a function `FOO()` and its hardened variant749      // `__FOO_chk()`, but in the "sprintf" family the extra parameters of the750      // hardened variants are inserted into the middle of the parameter list,751      // so that would not work in their case.752      // int snprintf(char * str, size_t maxlen, const char * format, ...);753      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"snprintf"}},754       TR::Prop({{1, 2}, 3}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},755      // int sprintf(char * str, const char * format, ...);756      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"sprintf"}},757       TR::Prop({{1}, 2}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},758      // int __snprintf_chk(char * str, size_t maxlen, int flag, size_t strlen,759      //                    const char * format, ...);760      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"__snprintf_chk"}},761       TR::Prop({{1, 4}, 5}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},762      // int __sprintf_chk(char * str, int flag, size_t strlen, const char *763      //                   format, ...);764      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"__sprintf_chk"}},765       TR::Prop({{3}, 4}, {{0, ReturnValueIndex}})},766 767      // Sinks768      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"system"}}, TR::Sink({{0}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},769      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"popen"}}, TR::Sink({{0}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},770      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"execl"}}, TR::Sink({{}, {0}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},771      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"execle"}}, TR::Sink({{}, {0}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},772      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"execlp"}}, TR::Sink({{}, {0}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},773      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"execv"}}, TR::Sink({{0, 1}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},774      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"execve"}},775       TR::Sink({{0, 1, 2}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},776      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"fexecve"}},777       TR::Sink({{0, 1, 2}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},778      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"execvp"}}, TR::Sink({{0, 1}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},779      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"execvpe"}},780       TR::Sink({{0, 1, 2}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},781      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"dlopen"}}, TR::Sink({{0}}, MsgSanitizeSystemArgs)},782 783      // malloc, calloc, alloca, realloc, memccpy784      // are intentionally not marked as taint sinks because unconditional785      // reporting for these functions generates many false positives.786      // These taint sinks should be implemented in other checkers with more787      // sophisticated sanitation heuristics.788 789      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"setproctitle"}},790       TR::Sink({{0}, 1}, MsgUncontrolledFormatString)},791      {{CDM::CLibrary, {"setproctitle_fast"}},792       TR::Sink({{0}, 1}, MsgUncontrolledFormatString)}};793 794  if (TR::UntrustedEnv(C)) {795    // void setproctitle_init(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])796    // TODO: replace `MsgCustomSink` with a message that fits this situation.797    GlobalCRules.push_back({{CDM::CLibrary, {"setproctitle_init"}},798                            TR::Sink({{1, 2}}, MsgCustomSink)});799 800    // `getenv` returns taint only in untrusted environments.801    GlobalCRules.push_back(802        {{CDM::CLibrary, {"getenv"}}, TR::Source({{ReturnValueIndex}})});803  }804 805  StaticTaintRules.emplace(std::make_move_iterator(GlobalCRules.begin()),806                           std::make_move_iterator(GlobalCRules.end()));807 808  // User-provided taint configuration.809  CheckerManager *Mgr = C.getAnalysisManager().getCheckerManager();810  assert(Mgr);811  GenericTaintRuleParser ConfigParser{*Mgr};812  std::string Option{"Config"};813  StringRef ConfigFile =814      Mgr->getAnalyzerOptions().getCheckerStringOption(this, Option);815  std::optional<TaintConfiguration> Config =816      getConfiguration<TaintConfiguration>(*Mgr, this, Option, ConfigFile);817  if (!Config) {818    // We don't have external taint config, no parsing required.819    DynamicTaintRules = RuleLookupTy{};820    return;821  }822 823  GenericTaintRuleParser::RulesContTy Rules{824      ConfigParser.parseConfiguration(Option, std::move(*Config))};825 826  DynamicTaintRules.emplace(std::make_move_iterator(Rules.begin()),827                            std::make_move_iterator(Rules.end()));828}829 830void GenericTaintChecker::checkPreCall(const CallEvent &Call,831                                       CheckerContext &C) const {832  initTaintRules(C);833 834  // FIXME: this should be much simpler.835  if (const auto *Rule =836          Call.isGlobalCFunction() ? StaticTaintRules->lookup(Call) : nullptr)837    Rule->process(*this, Call, C);838  else if (const auto *Rule = DynamicTaintRules->lookup(Call))839    Rule->process(*this, Call, C);840 841  // FIXME: These edge cases are to be eliminated from here eventually.842  //843  // Additional check that is not supported by CallDescription.844  // TODO: Make CallDescription be able to match attributes such as printf-like845  // arguments.846  checkUncontrolledFormatString(Call, C);847 848  // TODO: Modeling sockets should be done in a specific checker.849  // Socket is a source, which taints the return value.850  taintUnsafeSocketProtocol(Call, C);851}852 853void GenericTaintChecker::checkPostCall(const CallEvent &Call,854                                        CheckerContext &C) const {855  // Set the marked values as tainted. The return value only accessible from856  // checkPostStmt.857  ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();858  const StackFrameContext *CurrentFrame = C.getStackFrame();859 860  // Depending on what was tainted at pre-visit, we determined a set of861  // arguments which should be tainted after the function returns. These are862  // stored in the state as TaintArgsOnPostVisit set.863  TaintArgsOnPostVisitTy TaintArgsMap = State->get<TaintArgsOnPostVisit>();864 865  const ImmutableSet<ArgIdxTy> *TaintArgs = TaintArgsMap.lookup(CurrentFrame);866  if (!TaintArgs)867    return;868  assert(!TaintArgs->isEmpty());869 870  LLVM_DEBUG(for (ArgIdxTy I871                  : *TaintArgs) {872    llvm::dbgs() << "PostCall<";873    Call.dump(llvm::dbgs());874    llvm::dbgs() << "> actually wants to taint arg index: " << I << '\n';875  });876 877  const NoteTag *InjectionTag = nullptr;878  std::vector<SymbolRef> TaintedSymbols;879  std::vector<ArgIdxTy> TaintedIndexes;880  for (ArgIdxTy ArgNum : *TaintArgs) {881    // Special handling for the tainted return value.882    if (ArgNum == ReturnValueIndex) {883      State = addTaint(State, Call.getReturnValue());884      std::vector<SymbolRef> TaintedSyms =885          getTaintedSymbols(State, Call.getReturnValue());886      if (!TaintedSyms.empty()) {887        TaintedSymbols.push_back(TaintedSyms[0]);888        TaintedIndexes.push_back(ArgNum);889      }890      continue;891    }892    // The arguments are pointer arguments. The data they are pointing at is893    // tainted after the call.894    if (auto V = getPointeeOf(State, Call.getArgSVal(ArgNum))) {895      State = addTaint(State, *V);896      std::vector<SymbolRef> TaintedSyms = getTaintedSymbols(State, *V);897      if (!TaintedSyms.empty()) {898        TaintedSymbols.push_back(TaintedSyms[0]);899        TaintedIndexes.push_back(ArgNum);900      }901    }902  }903  // Create a NoteTag callback, which prints to the user where the taintedness904  // was propagated to.905  InjectionTag = taintPropagationExplainerTag(C, TaintedSymbols, TaintedIndexes,906                                              Call.getCalleeStackFrame(0));907  // Clear up the taint info from the state.908  State = State->remove<TaintArgsOnPostVisit>(CurrentFrame);909  C.addTransition(State, InjectionTag);910}911 912void GenericTaintChecker::printState(raw_ostream &Out, ProgramStateRef State,913                                     const char *NL, const char *Sep) const {914  printTaint(State, Out, NL, Sep);915}916 917void GenericTaintRule::process(const GenericTaintChecker &Checker,918                               const CallEvent &Call, CheckerContext &C) const {919  ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();920  const ArgIdxTy CallNumArgs = fromArgumentCount(Call.getNumArgs());921 922  /// Iterate every call argument, and get their corresponding Expr and SVal.923  const auto ForEachCallArg = [&C, &Call, CallNumArgs](auto &&Fun) {924    for (ArgIdxTy I = ReturnValueIndex; I < CallNumArgs; ++I) {925      const Expr *E = GetArgExpr(I, Call);926      Fun(I, E, C.getSVal(E));927    }928  };929 930  /// Check for taint sinks.931  ForEachCallArg([this, &Checker, &C, &State](ArgIdxTy I, const Expr *E, SVal) {932    // Add taintedness to stdin parameters933    if (isStdin(C.getSVal(E), C.getASTContext())) {934      State = addTaint(State, C.getSVal(E));935    }936    if (SinkArgs.contains(I) && isTaintedOrPointsToTainted(State, C.getSVal(E)))937      Checker.generateReportIfTainted(E, SinkMsg.value_or(MsgCustomSink), C);938  });939 940  /// Check for taint filters.941  ForEachCallArg([this, &State](ArgIdxTy I, const Expr *E, SVal S) {942    if (FilterArgs.contains(I)) {943      State = removeTaint(State, S);944      if (auto P = getPointeeOf(State, S))945        State = removeTaint(State, *P);946    }947  });948 949  /// Check for taint propagation sources.950  /// A rule will make the destination variables tainted if PropSrcArgs951  /// is empty (taints the destination952  /// arguments unconditionally), or if any of its signified953  /// args are tainted in context of the current CallEvent.954  bool IsMatching = PropSrcArgs.isEmpty();955  std::vector<SymbolRef> TaintedSymbols;956  std::vector<ArgIdxTy> TaintedIndexes;957  ForEachCallArg([this, &C, &IsMatching, &State, &TaintedSymbols,958                  &TaintedIndexes](ArgIdxTy I, const Expr *E, SVal) {959    std::optional<SVal> TaintedSVal =960        getTaintedPointeeOrPointer(State, C.getSVal(E));961    IsMatching =962        IsMatching || (PropSrcArgs.contains(I) && TaintedSVal.has_value());963 964    // We track back tainted arguments except for stdin965    if (TaintedSVal && !isStdin(*TaintedSVal, C.getASTContext())) {966      std::vector<SymbolRef> TaintedArgSyms =967          getTaintedSymbols(State, *TaintedSVal);968      if (!TaintedArgSyms.empty()) {969        llvm::append_range(TaintedSymbols, TaintedArgSyms);970        TaintedIndexes.push_back(I);971      }972    }973  });974 975  // Early return for propagation rules which dont match.976  // Matching propagations, Sinks and Filters will pass this point.977  if (!IsMatching)978    return;979 980  const auto WouldEscape = [](SVal V, QualType Ty) -> bool {981    if (!isa<Loc>(V))982      return false;983 984    const bool IsNonConstRef = Ty->isReferenceType() && !Ty.isConstQualified();985    const bool IsNonConstPtr =986        Ty->isPointerType() && !Ty->getPointeeType().isConstQualified();987 988    return IsNonConstRef || IsNonConstPtr;989  };990 991  /// Propagate taint where it is necessary.992  auto &F = State->getStateManager().get_context<ArgIdxFactory>();993  ImmutableSet<ArgIdxTy> Result = F.getEmptySet();994  ForEachCallArg(995      [&](ArgIdxTy I, const Expr *E, SVal V) {996        if (PropDstArgs.contains(I)) {997          LLVM_DEBUG(llvm::dbgs() << "PreCall<"; Call.dump(llvm::dbgs());998                     llvm::dbgs()999                     << "> prepares tainting arg index: " << I << '\n';);1000          Result = F.add(Result, I);1001        }1002 1003        // Taint property gets lost if the variable is passed as a1004        // non-const pointer or reference to a function which is1005        // not inlined. For matching rules we want to preserve the taintedness.1006        // TODO: We should traverse all reachable memory regions via the1007        // escaping parameter. Instead of doing that we simply mark only the1008        // referred memory region as tainted.1009        if (WouldEscape(V, E->getType()) && getTaintedPointeeOrPointer(State, V)) {1010          LLVM_DEBUG(if (!Result.contains(I)) {1011            llvm::dbgs() << "PreCall<";1012            Call.dump(llvm::dbgs());1013            llvm::dbgs() << "> prepares tainting arg index: " << I << '\n';1014          });1015          Result = F.add(Result, I);1016        }1017      });1018 1019  if (!Result.isEmpty())1020    State = State->set<TaintArgsOnPostVisit>(C.getStackFrame(), Result);1021  const NoteTag *InjectionTag = taintOriginTrackerTag(1022      C, std::move(TaintedSymbols), std::move(TaintedIndexes),1023      Call.getCalleeStackFrame(0));1024  C.addTransition(State, InjectionTag);1025}1026 1027bool GenericTaintRule::UntrustedEnv(CheckerContext &C) {1028  return !C.getAnalysisManager()1029              .getAnalyzerOptions()1030              .ShouldAssumeControlledEnvironment;1031}1032 1033bool GenericTaintChecker::generateReportIfTainted(const Expr *E, StringRef Msg,1034                                                  CheckerContext &C) const {1035  assert(E);1036  if (!isTaintReporterCheckerEnabled)1037    return false;1038  std::optional<SVal> TaintedSVal =1039      getTaintedPointeeOrPointer(C.getState(), C.getSVal(E));1040 1041  if (!TaintedSVal)1042    return false;1043 1044  // Generate diagnostic.1045  assert(BT);1046  if (ExplodedNode *N = C.generateNonFatalErrorNode(C.getState())) {1047    auto report = std::make_unique<PathSensitiveBugReport>(*BT, Msg, N);1048    report->addRange(E->getSourceRange());1049    for (auto TaintedSym : getTaintedSymbols(C.getState(), *TaintedSVal)) {1050      report->markInteresting(TaintedSym);1051    }1052    C.emitReport(std::move(report));1053    return true;1054  }1055  return false;1056}1057 1058/// TODO: remove checking for printf format attributes and socket whitelisting1059/// from GenericTaintChecker, and that means the following functions:1060/// getPrintfFormatArgumentNum,1061/// GenericTaintChecker::checkUncontrolledFormatString,1062/// GenericTaintChecker::taintUnsafeSocketProtocol1063 1064static bool getPrintfFormatArgumentNum(const CallEvent &Call,1065                                       const CheckerContext &C,1066                                       ArgIdxTy &ArgNum) {1067  // Find if the function contains a format string argument.1068  // Handles: fprintf, printf, sprintf, snprintf, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf,1069  // vsnprintf, syslog, custom annotated functions.1070  const Decl *CallDecl = Call.getDecl();1071  if (!CallDecl)1072    return false;1073  const FunctionDecl *FDecl = CallDecl->getAsFunction();1074  if (!FDecl)1075    return false;1076 1077  const ArgIdxTy CallNumArgs = fromArgumentCount(Call.getNumArgs());1078 1079  for (const auto *Format : FDecl->specific_attrs<FormatAttr>()) {1080    // The format attribute uses 1-based parameter indexing, for example1081    // plain `printf(const char *fmt, ...)` would be annotated with1082    // `__format__(__printf__, 1, 2)`, so we need to subtract 1 to get a1083    // 0-based index. (This checker uses 0-based parameter indices.)1084    ArgNum = Format->getFormatIdx() - 1;1085    // The format attribute also counts the implicit `this` parameter of1086    // methods, so e.g. in `SomeClass::method(const char *fmt, ...)` could be1087    // annotated with `__format__(__printf__, 2, 3)`. This checker doesn't1088    // count the implicit `this` parameter, so in this case we need to subtract1089    // one again.1090    // FIXME: Apparently the implementation of the format attribute doesn't1091    // support methods with an explicit object parameter, so we cannot1092    // implement proper support for that rare case either.1093    const CXXMethodDecl *MDecl = dyn_cast<CXXMethodDecl>(FDecl);1094    if (MDecl && !MDecl->isStatic())1095      ArgNum--;1096 1097    if ((Format->getType()->getName() == "printf") && CallNumArgs > ArgNum)1098      return true;1099  }1100 1101  return false;1102}1103 1104bool GenericTaintChecker::checkUncontrolledFormatString(1105    const CallEvent &Call, CheckerContext &C) const {1106  // Check if the function contains a format string argument.1107  ArgIdxTy ArgNum = 0;1108  if (!getPrintfFormatArgumentNum(Call, C, ArgNum))1109    return false;1110 1111  // If either the format string content or the pointer itself are tainted,1112  // warn.1113  return generateReportIfTainted(Call.getArgExpr(ArgNum),1114                                 MsgUncontrolledFormatString, C);1115}1116 1117void GenericTaintChecker::taintUnsafeSocketProtocol(const CallEvent &Call,1118                                                    CheckerContext &C) const {1119  if (Call.getNumArgs() < 1)1120    return;1121  const IdentifierInfo *ID = Call.getCalleeIdentifier();1122  if (!ID)1123    return;1124  if (ID->getName() != "socket")1125    return;1126 1127  SourceLocation DomLoc = Call.getArgExpr(0)->getExprLoc();1128  StringRef DomName = C.getMacroNameOrSpelling(DomLoc);1129  // Allow internal communication protocols.1130  bool SafeProtocol = DomName == "AF_SYSTEM" || DomName == "AF_LOCAL" ||1131                      DomName == "AF_UNIX" || DomName == "AF_RESERVED_36";1132  if (SafeProtocol)1133    return;1134 1135  ProgramStateRef State = C.getState();1136  auto &F = State->getStateManager().get_context<ArgIdxFactory>();1137  ImmutableSet<ArgIdxTy> Result = F.add(F.getEmptySet(), ReturnValueIndex);1138  State = State->set<TaintArgsOnPostVisit>(C.getStackFrame(), Result);1139  C.addTransition(State);1140}1141 1142/// Checker registration1143void ento::registerTaintPropagationChecker(CheckerManager &Mgr) {1144  Mgr.registerChecker<GenericTaintChecker>();1145}1146 1147bool ento::shouldRegisterTaintPropagationChecker(const CheckerManager &mgr) {1148  return true;1149}1150 1151void ento::registerGenericTaintChecker(CheckerManager &Mgr) {1152  GenericTaintChecker *checker = Mgr.getChecker<GenericTaintChecker>();1153  checker->isTaintReporterCheckerEnabled = true;1154  checker->BT.emplace(Mgr.getCurrentCheckerName(), "Use of Untrusted Data",1155                      categories::TaintedData);1156}1157 1158bool ento::shouldRegisterGenericTaintChecker(const CheckerManager &mgr) {1159  return true;1160}1161